A Planetary Health Perspective on Agroforestry in Sub-Saharan Africa

Rosenstock, Todd S.; Dawson, Ian K.; Aynekulu, Ermias; Chomba, Susan; Degrande, Ann; Fornace, Kimberly; Jamnadass, Ramni; Kimaro, Anthony A.; Kindt, Roeland; Lamanna, Christine; Malesu, Maimbo; Mausch, Kai; McMullin, Stepha; Murage, Peninah; Namoi, Nictor; Njenga, Mary; Nyoka, I.; Valencia, Ana Maria Paez; Sola, Phosiso; Shepherd, Keith D.; Steward, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2019.10.017

Cited by 81 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…Other agricultural methods such as slash-and-burn techniques similarly lead to deep shade elimination, changes in the acidity and chemical composition of the soil, creation of new breeding sites in the forest fringes and higher host exposure [ 7 ]. However, while much of the literature focuses on agricultural practices driving malaria transmission, agricultural practices also can reduce transmission; for example, agroforestry is increasingly proposed as a malaria intervention in Africa where planting trees can both increase biodiversity and decrease breeding sites for sun-loving Anopheles vectors [ 37 ].…”

Section: Impacts On Vector Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving global malaria eradication in changing landscapes

Fornace

Díaz

Lines

et al. 2021

Malar J

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Land use and land cover changes, such as deforestation, agricultural expansion and urbanization, are one of the largest anthropogenic environmental changes globally. Recent initiatives to evaluate the feasibility of malaria eradication have highlighted impacts of landscape changes on malaria transmission and the potential of these changes to undermine malaria control and elimination efforts. Multisectoral approaches are needed to detect and minimize negative impacts of land use and land cover changes on malaria transmission while supporting development aiding malaria control, elimination and ultimately eradication. Pathways through which land use and land cover changes disrupt social and ecological systems to increase or decrease malaria risks are outlined, identifying priorities and opportunities for a global malaria eradication campaign. The impacts of land use and land cover changes on malaria transmission are complex and highly context-specific, with effects changing over time and space. Landscape changes are only one element of a complex development process with wider economic and social dimensions affecting human health and wellbeing. While deforestation and other landscape changes threaten to undermine malaria control efforts and have driven the emergence of zoonotic malaria, most of the malaria elimination successes have been underpinned by agricultural development and land management. Malaria eradication is not feasible without addressing these changing risks while, conversely, consideration of malaria impacts in land management decisions has the potential to significantly accelerate progress towards eradication. Multisectoral cooperation and approaches to linking malaria control and environmental science, such as conducting locally relevant ecological monitoring, integrating landscape data into malaria surveillance systems and designing environmental management strategies to reduce malaria burdens, are essential to achieve malaria eradication.

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Section: Impacts On Vector Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving global malaria eradication in changing landscapes

Fornace

Díaz

Lines

et al. 2021

Malar J

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“…2c) through national research and industrial infrastructure, financial instruments and cooperative purchasing. This includes the potential for the genetic improvement [5.2] and polyculture of orphan, underutilised crop and agroforestry species (Dawson et al, 2019;Rosenstock et al, 2019) possessing traits that confer greater economic and environmental resilience to farm yields. Most immediately, the use and improvement of digital, mobile SMART technologies and basic electronic infrastructure ( Fig.…”

Section: The Economic Scale and Ecological State Of The Farming Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of agricultural landscapes in the Anthropocene: Nature's contributions to people, agriculture and food security

Vanbergen

Aizen

Cordeau

et al. 2020

Advances in Ecological Research

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Multiple anthropogenic challenges threaten nature's contributions to human well-being. Agricultural expansion and conventional intensification are degrading biodiversity and ecosystem functions, thereby undermining the natural foundations on which agriculture is itself built. Averting the worst effects of global environmental change and assuring ecosystem benefits, requires a transformation of agriculture. Alternative agricultural systems to conventional intensification exist, ranging from adjustments to efficiency (e.g., sustainable intensification) to a redesign (e.g., ecological intensification, climate smart agriculture) of the farm management system. These alternatives vary in their reliance on nature or technology, the level of systemic change required to operate, and impacts on biodiversity, landscapes and agricultural production. Different socioeconomic , ecological and political settings mean there is no universal solution, instead there are a suite of interoperable practices that can be adapted to different contexts to maximise efficiency, sustainability and resilience. Social, economic, technological and demographic issues will influence the form of sustainable agriculture and effects on landscapes and biodiversity. These include: 1) the sociotechnical-ecological architecture of agricultural and food systems and trends such as urbanisation in affecting the mode of production, diets, lifestyles and attitudes; 2) emerging technologies, such as gene editing, synthetic biology and 3D bio-printing of meat; and 3) the scale or state of the existing farm system, especially pertinent for smallholder agriculture. Agricultural transformation will require multifunctional landscape planning with cross-sectoral and participatory management to avoid unintended consequences and ultimately depends on people's capacity to accept new ways of operating in response to the current environmental crisis.

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“…Agroecology should pay careful attention to the design of diversified and synergistic systems, including the combination of annual, perennial and cover crops, livestock, aquatic animals, and trees. Aiming at synergies in the re-design of agricultural and food systems embraces the need to strategically use biological diversity (Midega et al 2018;Rosenstock et al 2019a), and that of market linkages (Vermeulen et al, 2012;Schipanski et al 2016) to harness multiple concurrent benefits from component interactions. In many instances, traditional agricultural systems are built around synergies -such as the integration of livestock with crops -that have been lost due to intensification, and merit reconsideration (Tittonell et al 2009;Bonaudo et al 2014).…”

Section: Synergiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lower mean temperature and increased soil moisture) and mitigation (e.g. enhancing carbon storage) (Rosenstock et al 2019a), and to enhanced soil health and ecosystem services (Muchane et al 2020). On-farm trees also increase efficiency through nutrient recycling and strengthen resilience by supporting the sustained provision of food and other key ecosystem functions and services (Prabhu et al 2015).…”

Section: Biodiversity-nutrition-climate Change Nexusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 10 Elements of Agroecology: enabling transitions towards sustainable agriculture and food systems through visual narratives

Barrios

Gemmill-Herren

Bicksler

et al. 2020

Ecosystems and People

120

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The magnitude and urgency of the challenges facing agriculture and food systems demand profound modifications in different aspects of human activity to achieve real transformative change and sustainability. Recognizing that the inherent complexity of achieving sustainability is commonly seen as a deterrent to decision-making, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has approved the 10 Elements of Agroecology as an analytical framework to support the design of differentiated paths for agriculture and food systems transformation, hence facilitating improved decision-making by policymakers, practitioners and other stakeholders in differing contexts at a range of levels on a number of scales. Biodiversity, consumers, education and governance are identified as promising entry points to build a structured process using visual narratives that rely on the 10 Elements of Agroecology to graphically dissect prospective social-ecological transition trajectories. We illustrate such applications with examples from agroforestry worldwide, public food procurement in Brazil and the United States of America, and agroecology education vis-à-vis secure access to land in Senegal. Nexus approaches are used to highlight and examine salient interactions among different sectors and entry points, and to develop visual narratives describing plausible theories of transformative change towards sustainable agriculture and food systems.

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A Planetary Health Perspective on Agroforestry in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract: Line thickness represents the amount of evidence available; three weights are used. Line color indicates the agreement in the available evidence, where green suggests general agreement and purple suggests some disagreement.

Cited by 81 publications

References 142 publications

Achieving global malaria eradication in changing landscapes

Achieving global malaria eradication in changing landscapes

Transformation of agricultural landscapes in the Anthropocene: Nature's contributions to people, agriculture and food security

The 10 Elements of Agroecology: enabling transitions towards sustainable agriculture and food systems through visual narratives

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