A placebo controlled trial of diazepam and oxprenolol for anxiety

Burrows, Graham D.; Davies, Bronwyn; Fail, Leon; Poynton, Carol; Stevenson, Henry C.

doi:10.1007/bf00430489

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In conclusion, although P-adrenoceptor blockade and benzodiazepine treatment are clearly beneficial in the treatment of some anxiety disorders (Granville-Grossman & Turner, 1966;Tyrer & Lader, 1974a;Burrows et al, 1976;James et al, 1977;Noyes, 1982), their usefulness in the alleviation of short-term anxiety associated with intellectual stress remains to be demonstrated.…”

Section: Pulsementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In contrast, the benzodiazepines seem to have their greatest benefit when the source of the complaint is psychological (Tyrer & Lader, 1974a). There have been a number of studies comparing the effects of P-adrenoceptor blockers with placebo; few studies have compared the effects of a P-adrenoceptor blocker with those of a benzodiazepine (Wheatley, 1969;Tyrer & Lader, 1974b; Burrows et al, 1976). The present study therefore compared the effects of propranolol with those of lorazepam in a number of performance tests and examined the effect of each compound on experimentallyinduced anxiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of the effects of lorazepam with those of propranolol on experimentally‐induced anxiety and performance.

File¹,

Lister²

1985

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 In a double-blind cross-over study the effects of propranolol (80 mg) and of lorazepam (1 or 2.5 mg) were assessed in normal student volunteers using a number of performance tests and mood-rating and bodily symptom questionnaires. Drug effects on experimentally-induced anxiety were also studied. 2 The high dose of lorazepam impaired performance in digit-symbol substitution, symbol copying and verbal learning tests, and increased subjects' ratings of dizziness. Both lorazepam and propranolol increased simple reaction time. Lorazepam but not propranolol increased ratings of sedation. 3 Although the stressor increased subjects' ratings of anxiety, neither drug altered anxiety ratings. 4 Propranolol decreased and lorazepam increased subjects' pulse. These changes were not reflected in subjects' self-ratings -lorazepam caused a reduction in ratings of palpitations. 5 The results suggest that if administered acutely, neither drug is beneficial in the treatment of short-term anxiety associated with intellectual stress.

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Section: Pulsementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the effects of lorazepam with those of propranolol on experimentally‐induced anxiety and performance.

File¹,

Lister²

1985

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…If the symptoms spontaneously remit, the patient should be eliminated from the study (FDA 1977). Only four studies used a placebo washout phase (Johnson et al 1976;Burrows et al 1976;Tanna et al 1977;Kathol et al 1980). Additional medications, especially psychotropic drugs, should be avoided during the study as their impact on the therapeutic outcome and the side effect profile of the investigational drug cannot be quantified.…”

Section: General Guidelines For the Clinical Evaluation Of Antianxietmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of fl-adrenergic blocking drugs in the treatment of mental disorders began in 1966 when Granville-Grossman and Turner (1966) suggested that propranolol might be beneficial in managing the physical symptoms of anxiety, especially cardiovascular complaints. Additional reports evaluating the efficacy of fl-blockers in anxiety Address for correspondence: Dr. Peggy E. Hayes, Medical College of Virginia, School of Pharmacy, Box 581 MCV Station, Richmond, VA 23298, U.S.A. states (Wheatley 1969;Bonn et al 1972;Ramsey et al 1973;Tyrer andLader 1973, 1974a, b;Kellner et al 1974;Silverstone 1974;Becker 1976;Burrows et al 1976;Johnson et al 1976;Tanna et al 1977;Kathol et al 1980) and panic disorder (Noyes et al 1984;Shehi and Patterson 1984;Munjack et al 1985) have been published and several review articles have been written (Whitlock and Price 1974;Greenblatt and Shader 1978;Cole et al 1979;Tyrer 1980;Noyes 1982Noyes , 1985Hayes and Schulz 1983). However, the efficacy and exact therapeutic role of /3-blocking drugs in treating generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder 0165-0327/87/$03.50 ,~ 1987 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (Biomedical Division) remain unestablished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-blockers in anxiety disorders

Hayes

Schulz

1987

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Studies evaluating the antianxiety and antipanic properties of beta-blockers do not support their routine use in treating either generalized anxiety disorder or panic disorder. The use of propranolol for anxiety disorders accompanied by physical symptoms, especially cardiovascular complaints, may be effective in some patients when combined with benzodiazepines or perhaps in some non-responders to conventional treatment. Better designed studies are needed to evaluate the exact role of beta-blocking agents in treating anxiety. The efficacy of propranolol in patients with panic disorder has not been widely researched, but preliminary results have not been encouraging. Propranolol may provide symptomatic relief in some patients with residual somatic complaints (i.e., palpitations and tachycardia), when combined with the patient's ongoing drug regimen. Because beta-blockers may induce depression, they should be used cautiously--if at all--in panic patients with concurrent depressive illness.

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“…Generally, the evidence in support of reductions in central anxiety with beta-blockers is equivocal. Some research points to central anxiolysis with beta-blockers (Burrows et al 1976;Johnson etal. 1976;Farhoumand et al 1979;Lewis et al 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiolytic effects of acebutolol and atenolol in healthy volunteers with induced anxiety

Kilminster

Jones

1988

Psychopharmacology

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Acebutolol (400 mg once daily), atenolol (100 mg once daily) and placebo were self administered to 12 healthy male volunteers in a double-blind crossover study. Each drug treatment was administered for 4 days so that subjects' plasma levels of the drug were at steady state. Subjects were tested on the 4th day. On each of the 3 test days subjects underwent an anxiety induction procedure involving both easy and difficult versions of the Stroop test and syntactic reasoning. Measures of state anxiety were taken during the difficult task, an easy version of the task and after a period of quiet relaxation. High, medium and low levels of anxiety corresponded to the three levels of task difficulty. Highly significant differences were exhibited in state anxiety between high, medium and low anxiety induction procedures with both Stroop test and syntactic reasoning. This was shown by highly significant main effects for task difficulty with both tasks. There was no significant anxiolytic action of either acebutolol or atenolol when compared to placebo (there were no drug effects or any interaction of drugs with task difficulty). There were no significant drug effects upon any of the cognitive test measures. Overall, there was no evidence of either anxiolysis or sedation with either of these two relatively hydrophilic drugs.

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A placebo controlled trial of diazepam and oxprenolol for anxiety

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

A comparison of the effects of lorazepam with those of propranolol on experimentally‐induced anxiety and performance.

A comparison of the effects of lorazepam with those of propranolol on experimentally‐induced anxiety and performance.

Beta-blockers in anxiety disorders

Anxiolytic effects of acebutolol and atenolol in healthy volunteers with induced anxiety

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