A pilot study to evaluate aflatoxin exposure in a rural Ugandan population

Asiki, Gershim; Seeley, Janet; Srey, Chou; Baisley, Kathy; Lightfoot, T.; Kaaya, Archileo N.; Agol, Dorice; Abaasa, Andrew; Wakeham, Katie; Routledge, Michael N.; Wild, Christopher P.; Newton, Robert; Gong, Yun

doi:10.1111/tmi.12283

Cited by 44 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The present data are consistent with the previous reported cross-sectional pilot study in GPC samples collected in 2011 (Asiki et al 2014). The geometric means of Table 3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…R6 (2000) R7 (2001) R8 ( AFB-Lys in our GPC study was 1.62 pg mg −1 albumin and 1.66 pg mg −1 albumin in RCCS, which is different from the geometric mean of 11.5 pg mg −1 albumin in that report (Asiki et al 2014). The difference possibly originated from different analytical methods for AFB-Lys measurement: the HPLC-fluorescence detection was used in our study, and the ELISA method was used in that study.…”

Section: Round (Year)contrasting

confidence: 48%

“…Yard et al (2013) suggested that the estimated AFB-Lys adduct values from the ELISA method is typically 4.6 times higher than that from the HPLC-fluorescence measurement. If taking their proposed 4.6 conversion, the AFB-Lys adduct level in our study using GPC study samples is similar to that of Asiki et al (2014). The averaged adduct level is actually higher than the levels found in children from Kikelelwa, Tanzania (0.78 pg mg −1 albumin after conversion by division of 4.6) (Shirima et al 2013;Yard et al 2013).…”

Section: Round (Year)mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Also, direct comparisons between countries may not be valid because of different study designs, various analytical methods used and seasonal variations of sample collections. However, considering the consistency in our data and the data from Asiki et al (2014), there is no doubt that human populations residing in south-western Uganda have been constantly exposed to AF via their diets.…”

Section: Round (Year)mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, no human exposure studies have ever been assessed in Uganda with the exception of an earlier pilot investigation in small numbers of children and a recent pilot study (Wild et al 1990;Asiki et al 2014), although a link between AF and hepatoma was suggested decades ago in Uganda (Alpert et al 1968(Alpert et al , 1971Serck-Hanssen 1970). In order to explore further the relationships between AF exposure, archived serum samples previously collected from two existing cohort studies in the central and south-west regions of Uganda were analysed for AFB 1 -lysine adduct (AFB-Lys) levels to evaluate AF exposure in these human populations.…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Arti Clementioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal evaluation of aflatoxin exposure in two cohorts in south-western Uganda

Kang

Nkurunziza

Muwanika

et al. 2015

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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akes every effort t o ensure t he accuracy of all t he inform at ion ( t he " Cont ent " ) cont ained in t he publicat ions on our plat form . However, Taylor & Francis, our agent s, and our licensors m ake no represent at ions or warrant ies what soever as t o t he accuracy, com plet eness, or suit abilit y for any purpose of t he Cont ent . Any opinions and views expressed in t his publicat ion are t he opinions and views of t he aut hors, and are not t he views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of t he Cont ent should not be relied upon and should be independent ly verified wit h prim ary sources of inform at ion. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, act ions, claim s, proceedings, dem ands, cost s, expenses, dam ages, and ot her liabilit ies what soever or howsoever caused arising direct ly or indirect ly in connect ion wit h, in relat ion t o or arising out of t he use of t he Cont ent . This art icle m ay be used for research, t eaching, and privat e st udy purposes. Any subst ant ial or syst em at ic reproduct ion, redist ribut ion, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, syst em at ic supply, or dist ribut ion in any form t o anyone is expressly forbidden. Term s & Condit ions of access and use can be found at ht t p: / / www.t andfonline.com / page/ t erm s-and-condit ions Aflatoxins (AF) are a group of mycotoxins. AF exposure causes acute and chronic adverse health effects such as aflatoxicosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in human populations, especially in the developing world. In this study, AF exposure was evaluated using archived serum samples from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative participants from two cohort studies in south-western Uganda. AFB 1 -lysine (AFB-Lys) adduct levels were determined via HPLC fluorescence in a total of 713 serum samples from the General Population Cohort (GPC), covering eight time periods between 1989 and 2010. Overall, 90% (642/713) of the samples were positive for AFB-Lys and the median level was 1.58 pg mg −1 albumin (range = 0.40-168 pg mg −1 albumin). AFB-Lys adduct levels were also measured in a total of 374 serum samples from the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS), across four time periods between 1999 and 2003. The averaged detection rate was 92.5% (346/374) and the median level was 1.18 pg mg −1 albumin (range = 0.40-122.5 pg mg −1 albumin). In the GPC study there were no statistically significant differences between demographic parameters, such as age, sex and level of education, and levels of serum AFB-Lys adduct. In the RCCS study, longitudinal analysis using generalised estimating equations revealed significant differences between the adduct levels and residential areas (p = 0.05) and occupations (p = 0.02). This study indicates that AF exposure in people in two populations in south-western Uganda is persistent and has not significantly changed over time. Data from one study, but not the other, indicated that agriculture workers and rural area residents had more AF exposure than those non-agricultural workers and non...

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“…The present data are consistent with the previous reported cross-sectional pilot study in GPC samples collected in 2011 (Asiki et al 2014). The geometric means of Table 3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Round (Year)contrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Round (Year)mentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Round (Year)mentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Please Scroll Down For Arti Clementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Longitudinal evaluation of aflatoxin exposure in two cohorts in south-western Uganda

Kang

Nkurunziza

Muwanika

et al. 2015

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A

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Aflatoxins in food: Prevalence, health effects, and emerging trends in its mitigation—An updated review

Balan,

Dhaulaniya,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Food Safety and Health

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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by a variety of fungal and mold species. One of the mycotoxin families that is often regarded as the most concerned one in human and animal feeds, is aflatoxin. Aflatoxins produced by Aspergillus species are very toxic and cause significant contamination of food supplies, resulting in serious health repercussions including carcinogenicity. To date, several regulations on aflatoxin permissible level limits have been established in a number of nations. Based on government guidelines and restrictions, consumers and food producers anticipate that aflatoxin contamination in food should not negatively impact human and animal health. Aflatoxin contamination of food commodities poses a consequential risk to humans and is also associated with substantial financial losses. Conventional mycotoxin reduction strategies involve both preventative and decontamination approaches. The present review gives an update on recent research on conventional approaches, including pre‐ and post‐harvest procedures that could potentially be used to decontaminate aflatoxin. Additionally, the current study delves into the source of contamination, global occurrence, impact on human health, and management strategies to assure food security and safety.

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Nutrient and aflatoxin contents of traditional complementary foods consumed by children of 6–24 months

Alamu

Gondwe

Akello

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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The nutrient composition and safety of complementary foods have recently become areas of concern, especially with regard to aflatoxin contamination which has been found to adversely affect health outcomes. This study presents the nutrient and aflatoxin contents of complementary foods consumed by children (6–24 months) and infants and young child feeding practices of mothers from two districts in eastern and southern Zambia. A total of 400 mother–child pairs were recruited from Monze and Chipata districts, and data on breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices were collected twice at 3‐month interval using a structured questionnaire. Samples of two traditional complementary foods (Maize Nshima and Maize porridge) were collected from the mothers and analyzed for nutrient contents and aflatoxin contamination. The results showed that there is a high level of awareness on exclusive breastfeeding among mothers. Fat, protein, carbohydrate, and ash contents of Maize nshima from Chipata were significantly lower (p < .05) compared to those from Monze district except for starch and sugar. Monze mothers preferred to prepare a thicker Maize nshima and Maize porridge compared to their Chipata counterparts. The aflatoxin contamination showed that the Maize porridge samples from Chipata were the most contaminated with mean aflatoxin content of 5.8 ± 15.93 mg/100 g, while Maize nshima was the most contaminated of the two complementary foods from Monze districts with mean aflatoxin level of 3.8 ± 6.41 mg/100 g. There were significant (p < .05) positive correlations between fat and aflatoxin contents for Chipata samples (r = .12409) and for Monze samples (r = .13666). The traditional complementary foods studied were found to be low in fat and protein and high in aflatoxin contamination. Thus, it is imperative that best practices and interventions are designed and introduced to reduce the possible lethal health implications of consumption of such complementary foods by children under 5 years.

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A pilot study to evaluate aflatoxin exposure in a rural Ugandan population

Cited by 44 publications

References 19 publications

Longitudinal evaluation of aflatoxin exposure in two cohorts in south-western Uganda

Longitudinal evaluation of aflatoxin exposure in two cohorts in south-western Uganda

Aflatoxins in food: Prevalence, health effects, and emerging trends in its mitigation—An updated review

Nutrient and aflatoxin contents of traditional complementary foods consumed by children of 6–24 months

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