A pilot randomized clinical trial of γ-tocopherol supplementation on wood smoke–induced neutrophilic and eosinophilic airway inflammation

Different Roles of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Chemoprevention and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

“…γT is often the second abundant vitamin E found in tissues with serum concentrations of γT at 1–3 when γT is provided from foods. On supplementation, γT may transiently reach to 20–30 μM or even higher [ [18] , [19] , [20] ] with T 1/2 of 6–8 h [ 21 ]. Although relatively low in the plasma, γT appears to be accumulated in peripheral tissues including adipose and muscle with concentrations of 176 and 107 nmol/g, respectively, as documented by Burton et al.…”

“…The bioavailability of different vitamin E metabolites has also been documented in humans and rodents. For instance, γ-CEHC may transiently reach to ≤15 μM in the serum of humans as a result of γT supplementation [ [18] , [19] , [20] , 29 ]. Supplementation of δTE at 400 to 3200 mg/d has been shown to result in an increase of δ-CEHC to ≤10–15 μM and 5'-COOH (δ-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychromans) to 4–5 μM in the plasma and excretion of δ-CEHC (≤∼91 μM) in the urine [ 30 ].…”