Abstract:A pilot observational study to analyze (in)activity and reasons for sedentary behavior of cognitively impaired geriatric acute inpatients Observation To gain context information patients were directlyobserved bythe method ofbehavioral mapping (NB). Each observation took place only on the following day of the patient's individual assessment. Obser-S274 Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie • Suppl 4 • 2019
“…Participants Most studies concerned general acute medical patients ( n = 11, mean sample size 114, range 16–287). Five studies were exclusively concerned with patients with specific conditions; two each reported physical activity levels of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mean sample size 13.5, range 10–17) [ 30 , 32 ], and heart failure (mean sample size 36, range 27–45) [ 33 , 35 ] and whilst one reported on patients with mixed medical conditions plus mild-moderate cognitive impairment (sample size 20) [ 34 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 ). The studies that performed better in the analysis [ 34 , 36 – 38 ] gave greater consideration to reporting information on non-responders (patients that were eligible for inclusion but declined to participate). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 × 45 min breaks Observations: 1 min every 15 mins 13.9% Inactive time was provided—active time has been extrapolated. SD not available Pitta et al 2006 [ 34 ] (Belgium) N : 17 Age: 69 ± 14.55 Male: 94% LOS: 10 days according to local COPD protocol, 3 stayed longer for medical reasons Diagnosis: Acute exacerbation of COPD Dynaport MoveMonitor Duration: 12 h (0830–2030). Data collected on day 2 and 7 of admission 10.7% ± 11.6 Median results converted to mean.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Primary outcome All included studies assessed physical activity levels using objective accelerometer-based methods, except Belala [34] who used behavioural mapping. Valkenet [27] also performed behavioural mapping in addition to accelerometery (Dynaport MoveMonitor).…”
Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning
Purpose
The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a ‘Hospital At Home’ setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. Functional changes and any adverse outcomes due to physical activity (e.g. falls) in both settings where PA was reported or recorded were also evaluated as secondary outcomes.
Methods
A search strategy was devised for the MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMed, PEDRO, OT Seeker and Cochrane databases. Search results were title, abstract and full-text reviewed by two independent researchers. Data were extracted from included articles using a custom form and assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies.
Results
No studies set in the Hospital at Home environments were identified. 16 hospital inpatient studies met the criteria for inclusion. Older patients managed in inpatient settings that would be eligible for Hospital at Home services spent 6.6% of their day active and undertook only 881.8 daily steps. Functional change was reported in four studies with both improvement and decline during admission reported.
Conclusion
There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. This review has identified a baseline level of activity for older acutely ill patients that would be suitable for Hospital at Home treatment. This data could be used as a basis of comparison in future hospital at home studies, which should also include functional change outcomes to further explore the relationship between physical inactivity and functional decline.
“…Participants Most studies concerned general acute medical patients ( n = 11, mean sample size 114, range 16–287). Five studies were exclusively concerned with patients with specific conditions; two each reported physical activity levels of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mean sample size 13.5, range 10–17) [ 30 , 32 ], and heart failure (mean sample size 36, range 27–45) [ 33 , 35 ] and whilst one reported on patients with mixed medical conditions plus mild-moderate cognitive impairment (sample size 20) [ 34 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 ). The studies that performed better in the analysis [ 34 , 36 – 38 ] gave greater consideration to reporting information on non-responders (patients that were eligible for inclusion but declined to participate). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 × 45 min breaks Observations: 1 min every 15 mins 13.9% Inactive time was provided—active time has been extrapolated. SD not available Pitta et al 2006 [ 34 ] (Belgium) N : 17 Age: 69 ± 14.55 Male: 94% LOS: 10 days according to local COPD protocol, 3 stayed longer for medical reasons Diagnosis: Acute exacerbation of COPD Dynaport MoveMonitor Duration: 12 h (0830–2030). Data collected on day 2 and 7 of admission 10.7% ± 11.6 Median results converted to mean.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Primary outcome All included studies assessed physical activity levels using objective accelerometer-based methods, except Belala [34] who used behavioural mapping. Valkenet [27] also performed behavioural mapping in addition to accelerometery (Dynaport MoveMonitor).…”
Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning
Purpose
The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a ‘Hospital At Home’ setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. Functional changes and any adverse outcomes due to physical activity (e.g. falls) in both settings where PA was reported or recorded were also evaluated as secondary outcomes.
Methods
A search strategy was devised for the MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMed, PEDRO, OT Seeker and Cochrane databases. Search results were title, abstract and full-text reviewed by two independent researchers. Data were extracted from included articles using a custom form and assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies.
Results
No studies set in the Hospital at Home environments were identified. 16 hospital inpatient studies met the criteria for inclusion. Older patients managed in inpatient settings that would be eligible for Hospital at Home services spent 6.6% of their day active and undertook only 881.8 daily steps. Functional change was reported in four studies with both improvement and decline during admission reported.
Conclusion
There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. This review has identified a baseline level of activity for older acutely ill patients that would be suitable for Hospital at Home treatment. This data could be used as a basis of comparison in future hospital at home studies, which should also include functional change outcomes to further explore the relationship between physical inactivity and functional decline.
“…It is necessary to point out that most studies in the area of old age have focused on cognitive impairment [42,43], strength and agility [44], or on the pathological perspective of old age (e.g., Alzheimer's) [45]. Hence, there are few scientific studies at present that have focused on the positive promotion of health as well as other profiles without pathologies.…”
Studies about the influence of physical activity on life satisfaction, functional ability and subjective well-being in physically active older adults without cognitive impairment are very few for the moment. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the life satisfaction, functional skills and subjective well-being of physically active older adults based on the level of activity practiced. The IPAQ (International Physical Activity), CUBRECAVI and LSIA (Life Satisfaction Index) scales were tested for a sample of 397 Spanish older adults between 61 and 93 years of age (M = 69.65; SD = 4.71). The results showed that those who performed high physical activity obtained higher scores in functional skills (p < 0.01) and in the activities of daily living (p < 0.01). In addition, subjective well-being (p < 0.01) and the functional autonomy of older adults (p < 0.01) were related to the level of physical activity that they practiced. In conclusion, it could be said that the older adults with a high level of physical activity have more functional skills and less difficulties performing the activities of daily living, and that they value their autonomy and health better.
Objectives
Objectives: Human biologists are increasingly interested in measuring and comparing physical activities in different societies. Sedentary behavior, which refers to time spent sitting or lying down while awake, is a large component of daily 24 hours movement patterns in humans and has been linked to poor health outcomes such as risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, independently of physical activity. As such, it is important for researchers, with the aim of measuring human movement patterns, to most effectively use resources available to them to capture sedentary behavior.
Methods
This toolkit outlines objective (device‐based) and subjective (self‐report) methods for measuring sedentary behavior in free‐living contexts, the benefits and drawbacks to each, as well as novel options for combined use to maximize scientific rigor. Throughout this toolkit, emphasis is placed on considerations for the use of these methods in various field conditions and in varying cultural contexts.
Results
Objective measures such as inclinometers are the gold‐standard for measuring total sedentary time but they typically cannot capture contextual information or determine which specific behaviors are taking place. Subjective measures such as questionnaires and 24 hours‐recall methods can provide measurements of time spent in specific sedentary behaviors but are subject to measurement error and response bias.
Conclusions
We recommend that researchers use the method(s) that suit the research question; inclinometers are recommended for the measurement of total sedentary time, while self‐report methods are recommended for measuring time spent in particular contexts of sedentary behavior.
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