1992
DOI: 10.1007/bf01064421
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for nicotine and cotinine in man

Abstract: Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have been developed describing the disposition kinetics of nicotine and its major metabolite, cotinine, in man. Separate 9-compartment, flow-limited PBPK models were initially created for nicotine and cotinine. The physiological basis for compartment designation and parameter selection has been provided; chemical-specific tissue-to-blood partition coefficients and elimination rates were derived from published human and animal data. The individual models were … Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
1
1
1

Citation Types

1
69
0

Year Published

1993
1993
2018
2018

Publication Types

Select...
6
2

Relationship

0
8

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 49 publications
(70 citation statements)
references
References 26 publications
1
69
0
Order By: Relevance
“…The presence of other compounds should not interfere in the estimation of the marker and the marker should not be influenced by environmental sources other than tobacco smoke. The markers used for assessing the smoking status of individuals, and the matrices in which these markers have been estimated are: nicotine (plasma, saliva, and urine) [21,[44][45][46]; carbon monoxide (expired air) [47,48]; carboxyhemoglobin (blood) [21,49]; thiocyanate ion (plasma, saliva, and urine) [21,49,[50][51][52][53][54][55]; and cotinine (plasma, saliva, and urine) [43,45,52,56].…”
Section: Biomarkers For Assessing Smoking Statusmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…The presence of other compounds should not interfere in the estimation of the marker and the marker should not be influenced by environmental sources other than tobacco smoke. The markers used for assessing the smoking status of individuals, and the matrices in which these markers have been estimated are: nicotine (plasma, saliva, and urine) [21,[44][45][46]; carbon monoxide (expired air) [47,48]; carboxyhemoglobin (blood) [21,49]; thiocyanate ion (plasma, saliva, and urine) [21,49,[50][51][52][53][54][55]; and cotinine (plasma, saliva, and urine) [43,45,52,56].…”
Section: Biomarkers For Assessing Smoking Statusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is present in a relatively large amount in a typical cigarette (1-2 mg per cigarette). It is absorbed and is measurable in both active and passive smokers [44,45]. However, nicotine levels in the blood fluctuate and the duration of urinary nicotine excretion is short [46].…”
Section: Nicotinementioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, none of these biomarkers serve as good indicators due to lack of either specificity or sensitivity for the detection of tobacco smoke exposure [4][5][6][7][8]. On the other hand, nicotine, which is the main compound in the cigarette smoke is rapidly and extensively metabolized into several metabolites in human and is therefore not a suitable biomarker [9,10]. One of the major metabolites for nicotine is cotinine.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Distributions for these parameters were determined based on a review of the literature. The half -life of nicotine in the body was assumed to be a triangular distribution with a minimum value of 1 h, a most likely value of 2 h, and a maximum value of 4 h (Benowitz et al, 1982;Feyerabend et al, 1985;Robinson et al, 1992;Zevin et al, 1997 ). The fraction of nicotine absorbed was assumed to be uniformly distributed between 0.6 and 0.8 ( Armitage et al, 1975;Russell and Feyerabend, 1978;Benowitz and Jacob, 1987;Iwase et al, 1991;Molander et al, 1996 ).…”
Section: Estimation Of Gas Phase Nicotine Dosementioning
confidence: 99%