A physiological study ofTeucrium scorodonia ecotypes which differ in their susceptibility to lime-induced chlorosis and iron-deficiency chlorosis

Hutchinson, T. C.

doi:10.1007/bf01349179

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…During a survey of calcareous areas in England over the period 1958-65 (Grime andHutchinson, 1967), lime-chlorosis was observed in 144 species. Species differed markedly in the extent to wbich they showed chlorosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduction in growth is probably a direct consequence of chlorophyll deficiency. Hutchinson (1967^) found that seedlings of a population of Teticrium scorodonia from a calcareous site remained green when grown on a calcareous soil, whilst seedlings from an acidic site when grown on the same soil developed severe chlorosis and suffered a marked reduction in growth. Applications of chelated iron alleviated the chlorosis and significantly increased growth.…”

Section: Methods By Which Selection May Occurmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lime‐chlorosis as a Factor in Seedling Establishment on Calcareous Soils

Hutchinson¹

1967

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYA comparative study under uniform laboratory conditions has been made of the relative susceptibility to lime-chlorosis of 135 British species. These species were chosen as being either (a) largely confined to calcareous soils or (b) largely confined to non-calcareous, especially acidic, soils. A number of species of wider soil tolerance were also grown. It was found that the species of groups (a) and (b) differed markedly from each other in chlorosis susceptibility. More than 90° 0 of the species of calcareous soils were either resistant to lime-chlorosis or were only mildly affected, whilst more than 60",, of the species of acidic soils were susceptible to the condition. Evidence is presented that divergence in chlorosis susceptibility has occurred both within genera and within species. Family differences would also seem to occur. A possible mechanism for the origin of these differences and their ecological significance is discussed.There have been few records of the occurrence of lime-chlorosis in the natural vegetation of Britain, although it is a well-known nutritional disorder on calcareous soils in other parts of the world. During a survey of calcareous areas in England over the period 1958-65 (Grime andHutchinson, 1967), lime-chlorosis was observed in 144 species. Species differed markedly in the extent to wbich they showed chlorosis. Species such as Festuca ovina, Briza media and Thymus drucei, which are very widely distributed on calcareous soils, were never found to be chlorotic. Others, such as Fraxinus excelsior and Hieracium pilosella, were very often found to be chlorotic. Just as species differed in their susceptibility to chlorosis, so too did the soils differ in the amount of chlorotic vegetation which they supported. There was a great deal of chlorosis on the chalk areas of the North and South Downs and on the Carboniferous limestone, whilst on Oolitic and Magnesian limestone areas there was very much less.By definition, calcifuge species are not normally found on calcareous soils. Any survey of the incidence of lime-chlorosis in the field, therefore, will not reveal whether calcifuge species are particularly susceptible to lime-cblorosis. In Upper Teesdale, however, a number of species (six to eight) normally confined to acidic soils and, therefore, regarded as calcifuges, occur on the sugar limestone areas, e.g. Empetrum nigrmn, Callunavulgaris and Hypericum pulchrim. These species are severely chlorotic at these sites. There are also a number of reports from the literature of certain calcifugous species developing chlorosis when grown on a calcareous soil (Tansley, 1917;Mevius, 1927;Olsen, 1935;Grime, 1959; Rorison, 19600;Hutchinson, 19670). In each case, however, relatively few species were grown and not only did the experimental conditions vary greatly from experiment to experiment, but also the soils and the species used. It is thus impossible from the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods By Which Selection May Occurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lime‐chlorosis as a Factor in Seedling Establishment on Calcareous Soils

Hutchinson¹

1967

New Phytologist

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“…Intraspecific variation in response to soil nutrient factors has been found in a wide range of plant species (Vose, 1963;Epstein and Jefferies, 1964). Natural populations within plant species, collected from contrasting soil types, also frequently differ in their response to those soil types (Kruckeberg, 1951(Kruckeberg, , 1967Snaydon, 1962b; Nixon and McMillan, 1964;Ramakrishnan, 1965;Hutchinson, 1967), and the response of natural populations to specific nutrient or toxic elements in the soil is often correlated with the level of those elements in their native soils (Melchers, 1939;Jowett, 1958;Bradshaw, 1962, 1969;Antonovics et al, 1967;Hutchinson, 1968). It seems therefore that the necessary intraspecific variation exists, and has been subject to selection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

RAPID POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION IN A MOSAIC ENVIRONMENT. I. THE RESPONSE OFANTHOXANTHUM ODORATUMPOPULATIONS TO SOILS

Snaydon

1970

Evolution

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“…However, in laboratory experiments it was found that significant differences between the growth of divergent populations on certain calcareous soils may take some time to develop (Hutchinson, 1967), Since the relatively ideal conditions of the laboratory are rarely achieved in the field, differences in growth and seed production may not occur on such soils. In the fieldexperiments reported, it was found that at Coombsdale all four populations developed chlorosis and that this persisted in the two chlorosis-susceptible populations until the first autumn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In laboratory studies concerned with the Beauchief and Coomhsdale Teitcrium populations, it was found that when grown on certain calcareous soils the chlorosis-susceptible Beauchief seedlings were significantly smaller than the green, Coombsdale seedlings (Hutchinson, 1967). It was decided, therefore, to grow populations of contrasting laboratory performance in the field to determine whether chlorosissusceptible plants failed more rapidly than resistant plants at calcareous sites.…”

Section: Ecotypic Differentiation In Susceptibility To Lime-induced Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECOTYPE DIFFERENTIATION IN TEUCRIUM SCORODONIA WITH RESPECT TO SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LIME‐INDUCED CHLOROSIS AND TO SHADE FACTORS

Hutchinson

1967

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYA study has been made of populations of Teucrium scorodonia from Britain and Europe. Edaphic ecotypes have been found to occur with respect to lime-induced chlorosis. Chlorosis-susceptible populations were found to be from acidic and non-calcareous sites whilst chlorosis-resistant populations were invariably from calcareous sites. The severity of the chlorosis and the retardation of growth in the laboratory suggests that in the field chlorosis-susceptible populations would be at a great disadvantage compared with resistant ones, on many calcareous soils. In limited field-experiments, however, seedling failure was found to be due to catastrophic effects such as drought, frost and animal depredation which eliminated both green and chlorotic seedlings. It was found, however, that seedlings of populations from shaded habitats had considerably larger cotyledons than had those from unshaded habitats. This was also true under controlled conditions, irrespective of the shade and nutritional regime given. The seedlings with large cotyledons formed their leaves more rapidly than did those with small cotyledons. Other morphological differences occurred which also appear to be of an adaptational nature. These differences were independent of the soil types from which the populations originated. A study of populations from within a very small area indicated that ecotypic differentiation can take place rapidly and precisely within such an area.

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A physiological study ofTeucrium scorodonia ecotypes which differ in their susceptibility to lime-induced chlorosis and iron-deficiency chlorosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Lime‐chlorosis as a Factor in Seedling Establishment on Calcareous Soils

Lime‐chlorosis as a Factor in Seedling Establishment on Calcareous Soils

RAPID POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION IN A MOSAIC ENVIRONMENT. I. THE RESPONSE OFANTHOXANTHUM ODORATUMPOPULATIONS TO SOILS

ECOTYPE DIFFERENTIATION IN TEUCRIUM SCORODONIA WITH RESPECT TO SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LIME‐INDUCED CHLOROSIS AND TO SHADE FACTORS

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