“…Virtual reality (VR) has become a crucial tool in affective computing, providing human-like virtual worlds to enhance user experiences (Cambria, Das, Bandyopadhyay, & Feraco, 2017). Physiological signals like heart rate, skin conductance, and EEG are analyzed in VR to interpret users' emotional responses, enabling VR environments to adapt to the user's emotional state (Bayro, Ghasemi, & Jeong, 2022;Darzi & Novak, 2017). VR games, such as Pong, serve as controlled environments to study human emotions and behaviors, with the data used to create systems that can identify and respond to emotional cues (Ahmed, Harjunen, Jacucci, Ravaja, & Spapé, 2017).…”