A physico-chemical study on the polysaccharide ulvan from hot water extraction of the macroalga Ulva

Paradossi, Gaio; Cavalieri, Francesca; Pizzoferrato, L.; Liquori, A. M.

doi:10.1016/s0141-8130(99)00049-5

Cited by 72 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This suggested that the overall polymeric conformation observed was a 'random coil', agreeing with previous studies of exopolysaccharides produced by some cyanobacteria and by the green macroalga Ulva sp.. Furthermore, this also highlighted a disordered sequence of saccharide units in the polymer chain (Cesàro et al 1990, Paradossi et al 1999, 2002, Bellezza et al 2003. In contrast to temperature, pH did have an effect on the spectral qualities of biofilm exopolysaccharides.…”

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confidence: 89%

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Congestri

Pippo²,

Philippis³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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A multiphasic approach was applied to investigate the structural features of phototrophic biofilms that grow in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at Fiumicino Airport (Rome, Italy). Seasonal variations in species composition, biomass and exopolysaccharides produced were analyzed by light (LM) and electron microscopy (SEM), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and circular dichroism (CD). Phototroph contribution to the 3-dimensional structure of the biofilm and its development was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Analysis of biofilms grown on polypropylene slides showed a stable species composition; seasonal changes in biomass were mostly due to changes of major cyanobacterial and algal taxonomic groups. Extensive growth was evident on the range of artificial substrata that were implanted in the treatment plant. CD spectra and HPLC analyses of 2 operationally defined exopolysaccharide fractions extracted from samples scraped off the tank walls revealed that negatively charged heteropolysaccharides comprised most of the matrix and capsular components of the biofilms. Cytochemical staining distinguished between acidic and sulphated residues in the samples observed by LM. The data provide a new insight into the structural integrity and development of phototrophic biofilms in this hyper-eutrophic environment, indicating a potential use of autochthonous consortia in an environmentally sound tertiary water treatment alternative to conventional chemico-physical technologies.KEY WORDS: Phototrophic biofilms · Exopolysaccharides · Cyanobacteria · Algae · Biovolume · Confocal laser scanning microscope · Wastewater treatment plant Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherAquat Microb Ecol 45: [301][302][303][304][305][306][307][308][309][310][311][312] 2006 and with substrate adhesion (stalks, tubes) and locomotion in benthic forms (Hoagland et al. 1993). Many representatives of green algae possess cellulose or glycoprotein cell walls and capsules (van den Hoek et al. 1995, Shubert 2003, several colonial forms are embedded in mucilage matrix, while mucilage is extruded by desmids for gliding (Nultsch & Hader 1988). In addition, many planktic forms release dissolved organic material, which comprises a significant fraction of polysaccharides (Kaplan 1987, Lombardi & Vieria 1999, Lombardi et al. 2005.Overall, EPS are involved in adhesion to the substrata and cohesion between the cells of a biofilm; they play a role in surface-associated motility and provide protection against desiccation and grazing by predators, producing a matrix network that embeds cells and detritus (Wingender et al. 1999, Decho 2000. These exopolymers provide a microenvironment where UVabsorbing pigments and proteins, including enzymes, are immobilized (Sutherland 2001). The major components of the matrix are polysaccharides, but proteins and nucleic acids can comprise a significant part (Decho 2000). Extracellular polysaccharides may also serve in the immobilization and accumula...

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Congestri

Pippo²,

Philippis³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…Ulvan sulfated polysaccharides were reported to carry anti-influenza activities (Ivanova et al 1994); the ulvan was derived from ulvin and ulvacin (Kaeffer et al 1999) that were related to given fractions of U. lactuca water-soluble extracts. Rhamnose (16.8-45.0% dw), xylose (2.1-12.0%), glucose (0.5-6.4%), uronic acid (6.5-19.0%), and sulfate (16.0-23.2%) were major components reported in ulvan for many Ulvales species Lahaye and Robic 2007;Paradossi et al 1999). Ulvan is mainly composed of a disaccharide repeating unit, β-D-glucuronosyluronic acid (1→4) L-rhamnose 3 sulfate (Quemener et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection by the Sulfated Polysaccharide Extracts from Ulva lactuca

Chiu

Chan

et al. 2011

Mar Biotechnol

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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a neurotropic flavivirus, is one of the major causes of acute encephalitis in humans. After infection, inflammatory reactions and neurological diseases often develop. Still there are no effective drugs available against virus infection. Recently, extracts of algae have been shown to possess a broad range of biological activities including antivirus activity. In this study, we identified that the sulfated polysaccharide extracts from Ulva lactuca can inhibit JEV infection in Vero cells. Mechanistic studies further revealed that the Ulva sulfated polysaccharide extracts can block virus adsorption and thus make the virus unable to enter cells. The Ulva sulfated polysaccharide extracts also effectively decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the JEV-infected primary mixed glia cells. In an animal study, the JEV-infected C3H/HeN mice appeared to have neurobehavioral abnormalities on the fifth day and died on the seventh day post infection. However, the JEV-infected mice pretreated with the Ulva sulfated polysaccharide extracts can delay the onset of hind limb paralysis and thereby prevent mice from death.

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“…The achievement of suitable mechanical properties for a material to be used in biomedical applications, namely tissue engineering, represent a key requirement to fulfil since the final product must provide a physical support for the cell growth and differentiation. Past investigations on this issue revealed an essentially disordered conformation of Ulvan (Paradossi et al, 1999) mainly induced by the heterogeneous chemical composition of this polysaccharide. The local regularity given by the repeating aldobiuronic units, denominated as A 3s and B 3s (Figure 3), is believed to be sufficient for the formation of transient "junctionzones" responsible for the formation of the weak gel that ulvan is known to perform in nature (Paradossi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Ulvan Conformationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ulvan: A Versatile Platform of Biomaterials from Renewable Resources

Chiellini¹,

Morelli²

2011

Biomaterials - Physics and Chemistry

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A physico-chemical study on the polysaccharide ulvan from hot water extraction of the macroalga Ulva

Cited by 72 publications

References 11 publications

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Seasonal succession of phototrophic biofilms in an Italian wastewater treatment plant: biovolume, spatial structure and exopolysaccharides

Inhibition of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection by the Sulfated Polysaccharide Extracts from Ulva lactuca

Ulvan: A Versatile Platform of Biomaterials from Renewable Resources

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