A Physically Based Model for Air‐Lift Pumping

Francois, O.; Gilmore, Tyler J.; Pinto, Michael J.; Gorelick, Steven M.

doi:10.1029/96wr00899

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This result shows changes in the volumetric average void fraction of typically 20% due to the void-fraction radial profiles. Such results are also confirmed by direct pressure gradient measurements and airlift experiments (François et al 1996, Guet et al 2003.…”

Section: Wwwannualreviewsorg • Gas-lift Techniquesupporting

confidence: 68%

Fluid Mechanical Aspects of the Gas-Lift Technique

Guet

Ooms

2006

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

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The gas-lift technique comprises the injection of gas bubbles in vertical oil wells to increase production. It is based on a reduction of the tubing gravitational pressure gradient. Several fluid-flow phenomena influencing such vertical gas-liquid flows are discussed. These effects include the radial distribution of void fraction and of gas and liquid velocity, flow regime changes, and system stability problems. Associated consequences for gas-lift performance and related optimization approaches are also discussed.

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Section: Wwwannualreviewsorg • Gas-lift Techniquesupporting

confidence: 68%

Fluid Mechanical Aspects of the Gas-Lift Technique

Guet

Ooms

2006

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

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“…Air-lift pumping occurs when air is injected into the well. Due to the density difference between the water outside the well and the water/bubble mixture within the inner well, a lift is created [François et al, 1996]. Water and air rise within the inner well, forcing additional water to flow from the aquifer into the well through the lower screened interval.…”

Section: In-well Vapor Strippingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Sonication for in-Well Softening of Semivolatile Organic Compounds

Peters

2000

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis project investigates the in-situ degradation of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using in-well sonication, in-well vapor stripping, and bioremediation. Pretreating groundwaters with sonication techniques in-situ would form VOCs that can be effectively removed by in-well vapor stripping and bioremediation. The mechanistic studies focus on the coupling of megasonics and ultrasonics to "soften" (i.e., partially degrade) the SVOCs; oxidative reaction mechanism studies; surface corrosion studies (on the reactor walls/well); enhancement due to addition of oxidants, quantification of the hydroxyl radical formation; identification/quantification of degradation products; volatility/degradability of the treated waters; development of a computer simulation model to describe combined in-well sonication/in-well vapor stripping/bioremediation; systems analysis/economic analysis; large laboratory-scale experiment verification; and field demonstration of the integrated technology. Benefits of this approach include: (1) Remediation is performed in-situ; (2) The treatment systems complement each other; their combination can drastically reduce or remove SVOCs and VOCs; (3) Ability to convert hard-to-degrade organics into more volatile organic compounds; (4) Ability to remove residual VOCs and "softened" SVOCs through the combined action of in-well vapor stripping and biodegradation; (5) Does not require handling or disposing of water at the ground surface; and (6) Cost-effective and improved efficiency, resulting in shortened clean-up times to remediate a site.This study examined the ability of an integrated treatment system involving combined sonication and vapor stripping to remove/destroy chlorinated organic compounds from groundwater.The chlorinated solvents studied included carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), trichloroethylene (TCE), trichlorethane (TCA), and tetrachloroethylene (PCE). Contaminant concentrations studied ranged from ~1 to ~100 mg/L. Sonication/vapor stripping experiments were performed in a reactor used to treat the chlorinated organic contaminants in groundwater employing sonication alone, vapor stripping alone, and combined sonication/vapor stripping. The sonicator has an ultrasonic frequency of 20-kHz; the applied power intensity was 12.3-, 25.3-, and 35.8-W/cm 2 . The batch reactions were operated normally for up to 10 minutes treatment time, with samples drawn for GC analysis every 2 minutes. Air injection rates (for the vapor stripping) were nominally 0-(sonication alone), 500-, 1000-, and 1500-mL/min. In the continuous flow studies, the residence time in the reactor was set at 5, 8, and 10 minutes.Results were obtained from batch experiments performed on the various chlorinated organic contaminants (CCl 4 , TCE, TCA, and PCE) using sonication alone, vapor stripping alone, and combined sonication/vapor stripping. For all four chlorinated solvent species, the first order rate constants were in the range of 0.02 to 0.06 min -1 , 0.23 to 0.53 min ...

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“…Mankbadi and Mikhail [1] proposed a turbine-pump system, installed across irrigation structures, to drive a turbine connected to a pump to lift water for irrigation or domestic purposes. Francois et al [2] invented a new type of turbine utilizing a microhydropower system with a simplified RESEARCH ARTICLE Gas-water energy conversion efficiency in two-phase vertical downflow structure and higher performance. Date et al [3] investigated a simple reaction water turbine for power generation from low-head microhydro resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas‐water energy conversion efficiency in two‐phase vertical downflow

Sun

Yao

Fan

et al. 2018

Energy Science & Engineering

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An automatic pump is developed using low water-head hydropower. The energy conversion efficiency η of the gas-water energy conversion equipment is the focus. In this equipment, low-head water normally drains to the vertical downcomer. When water particles separate via gravity, a vacuum is generated, and air is mixed into the water spontaneously. High-pressure gas is ultimately produced at the end of the pipe. To discuss the effects of the air intake pipe diameter, river drop and water flow rate on η, a full-scale experiment is conducted, and an analytical solution based on the separation of water particles is derived. The air intake pipe diameter has almost no effect on η, but η changes dramatically as the water flow rate varies. Meanwhile, η initially increases and then decreases as the river drop increases. These findings enable the development of a method for low water-head hydropower utilization. 307

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A Physically Based Model for Air‐Lift Pumping

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Fluid Mechanical Aspects of the Gas-Lift Technique

Fluid Mechanical Aspects of the Gas-Lift Technique

Use of Sonication for in-Well Softening of Semivolatile Organic Compounds

Gas‐water energy conversion efficiency in two‐phase vertical downflow

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