A phylogenomically informed five-order system for the closest relatives of land plants

Hess, Sebastian; Williams, Shelby K.; Busch, Anna; Irisarri, Iker; Delwiche, Charles F.; Vries, Sophie de; Darienko, Tatyana; Roger, Andrew J.; Archibald, John M.; Buschmann, Henrik; Schwartzenberg, Klaus von; Vries, Jan de

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.022

Cited by 56 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted May 1, 2023. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.01.538656 doi: bioRxiv preprint Positive correlations were observed between the genome size and the morphological features representing cell size in Closterium (area: P = 0.04099, length: P = 0.07388, width: P = 0.00032). Correlation between genome size and cell size was also reported in Micrasterias (Poulíèková et al 2014), which belongs to the same family Desmidiaceae as Closterium (Hess 2022). In Closterium, we found that correlation with genome size was strong in cell width but relatively weak in cell area and cell length.…”

Section: Extensive Genome Size Variation and Its Correlation With Oth...supporting

confidence: 81%

DIVERSITY OF GENOME SIZE AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN HOMOTHALLIC AND HETEROTHALLIC STRAINS OF THECLOSTERIUM PERACEROSUM–STRIGOSUM–LITTORALECOMPLEX (DESMIDIALES, ZYGNEMATOPHYCEAE, STREPTOPHYTA)

Tsuchikane

Watanabe

Kawaguchi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Members of theClosterium peracerosum–strigosum–littorale(C. psl.) complex are unicellular zygnematophycean algae, which are suggested to be closely related to land plants. A zygospore is typically formed as a result of conjugation between mating-type plus (mt+) and mating-type minus (mt–) cells during sexual reproduction in heterothallic strains. On the other hand, zygospores are formed between genetically identical cells in homothallic strains. In this study, we isolated novel homothallic strains in theC. psl.complex. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the polyphyly of homothallic strains, suggesting multiple transitions between homothallism and heterothallism in theC. psl.complex. We measured the 1C genome size of theC. psl.complex by using flow cytometry after staining nuclei with propidium iodide, which ranged from 0.53 to 1.42 Gbp. We counted chromosome numbers using confocal microscope images, finding that two homothallic strains had fewer chromosomes than four heterothallic strains. Genome size positively correlated with both the cell size and chromosome number. Chromosome numbers differed even within the same mating group, suggesting a mechanism tolerating chromosomal rearrangements during meiosis in theC. psl.complex.

show abstract

Section: Extensive Genome Size Variation and Its Correlation With Oth...supporting

confidence: 81%

DIVERSITY OF GENOME SIZE AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN HOMOTHALLIC AND HETEROTHALLIC STRAINS OF THECLOSTERIUM PERACEROSUM–STRIGOSUM–LITTORALECOMPLEX (DESMIDIALES, ZYGNEMATOPHYCEAE, STREPTOPHYTA)

Tsuchikane

Watanabe

Kawaguchi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These comparative analyses have demonstrated how genes linked to the development and functioning of vital morphological traits appear during the evolution of Archaeplastida. A selection of these works are discussed here, although many more genome [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] and comparative genomic studies [43][44][45][46][47][48] have been published.…”

Section: Insights From Genomics and Transcriptomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and early evolution of plants

Bowles

Williamson

Williams

et al. 2023

Trends in Plant Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Despite their comparatively simple body plan Zygnematophyceae have been established as immediate sister lineage to Embryophytes ( Wodniok et al., 2011 ; de Vries et al., 2018 ; Leebens-Mack et al., 2019 ). Zygnematophyceae can be found worldwide in many freshwater and terrestrial environments, they are a diverse and species rich class of streptophyte green algae, for which a five-ordered classification system has recently been suggested ( Hess et al., 2022 ). Their habitats often exhibit semi-terrestrial conditions, which exposes them to increased abiotic stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zygospores of the green alga Spirogyra: new insights from structural and chemical imaging

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zygnematophyceae, a class of streptophyte green algae and sister group to land plants (Embryophytes) live in aquatic to semi-terrestrial habitats. The transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments requires adaptations in the physiology of vegetative cells and in the structural properties of their cell walls. Sexual reproduction occurs in Zygnematophyceae by conjugation and results in the formation of zygospores, possessing unique multi-layered cell walls, which might have been crucial in terrestrialization. We investigated the structure and chemical composition of field sampled Spirogyra sp. zygospore cell walls by multiple microscopical and spectral imaging techniques: light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy following high pressure freeze fixation/freeze substitution, Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. This comprehensive analysis allowed the detection of the subcellular organization and showed three main layers of the zygospore wall, termed endo-, meso- and exospore. The endo- and exospore are composed of polysaccharides with different ultrastructural appearance, whereas the electron dense middle layer contains aromatic compounds as further characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The possible chemical composition remains elusive, but algaenan or a sporopollenin-like material is suggested. Similar compounds with a non-hydrolysable character can be found in moss spores and pollen of higher plants, suggesting a protective function against desiccation stress and high irradiation. While the tripartite differentiation of the zygospore wall is well established in Zygnematopyhceae, Spirogyra showed cellulose fibrils arranged in a helicoidal pattern in the endo- and exospore. Initial incorporation of lipid bodies during early zygospore wall formation was also observed, suggesting a key role of lipids in zygospore wall synthesis. Multimodal imaging revealed that the cell wall of the sexually formed zygospores possess a highly complex internal structure as well as aromatics, likely acting as protective compounds and leading to impregnation. Both, the newly discovered special three-dimensional arrangement of microfibrils and the integration of highly resistant components in the cell wall are not found in the vegetative state. The variety of methods gave a comprehensive view on the intricate zygospore cell wall and its potential key role in the terrestrial colonization and plant evolution is discussed.

show abstract

A phylogenomically informed five-order system for the closest relatives of land plants

Cited by 56 publications

References 86 publications

DIVERSITY OF GENOME SIZE AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN HOMOTHALLIC AND HETEROTHALLIC STRAINS OF THECLOSTERIUM PERACEROSUM–STRIGOSUM–LITTORALECOMPLEX (DESMIDIALES, ZYGNEMATOPHYCEAE, STREPTOPHYTA)

DIVERSITY OF GENOME SIZE AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN HOMOTHALLIC AND HETEROTHALLIC STRAINS OF THECLOSTERIUM PERACEROSUM–STRIGOSUM–LITTORALECOMPLEX (DESMIDIALES, ZYGNEMATOPHYCEAE, STREPTOPHYTA)

The origin and early evolution of plants

Zygospores of the green alga Spirogyra: new insights from structural and chemical imaging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About