A phylogenetic redefinition of anamorph genera in<i>Mycosphaerella</i>based on ITS rDNA sequence and morphology

Crous, Pedro W.; Kang, Ji-Chuan; Braun, Uwe

doi:10.1080/00275514.2001.12063243

Cited by 70 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is an example that even in genera known for more than a hundred years new morphological characteristics can be discovered with ''simple'' light microscopy! The discovery of the new kind of parasite-host interaction in cercosporoid fungi might provide some clues in the interpretation of molecular-based phylogenetic hypotheses in Mycosphaerella and related genera, which hitherto did not include species of Cercosporella (Crous et al 2001, Braun et al 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In DNA-based phylogenetic hypotheses, analyses of ITS DNA sequence data led to the concept of Mycosphaerella being monophyletic (Crous et al 2001), which was changed to a concept of polyphyly when applying LSU rDNA sequences (Crous et al 2007a). Genus Davidiella for species with Cladosporium anamorphs was separated from Mycosphaerella with other anamorphs (Braun et al 2003) and genus Teratosphaeria re-established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CercosporellaandRamularia

Kirschner

2009

Mycologia

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Cercosporella and Ramularia (hyphomycetous anamorphs with relationship to Mycosphaerellaceae, Ascomycota) are difficult to distinguish based on light microscopic characteristics of conidiophores and conidia. Although both genera have been known for more than 120 y, new morphological characteristics were found by "simple" light and scanning electron microscopy now allowing an unambiguous differentiation between both genera. Newly discovered morphological characteristics of interaction structures and ultrastructure of conidiogenous loci are congruent with LSU rDNA sequence analysis of C. virgaureae and Ramularia species. DNA sequences of the type species of both genera, C. virgaureae and R. pusilla, were generated. For the first time a complex cup-shaped appressorium is reported for a member of plant pathogenic cercosporoid hyphomycetes, based on light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The appressorium of C. virgaureae is formed by strongly branched hyphae radiating from a supporting intercellular hypha and remaining closely attached to each other. With its concave side the appressorium adheres to a cell of the leaf mesophyll. This structure is significant in comparison with morphologically unspecific intercellular hyphae known in other cercosporoid hyphomycetes. Scanning electron microscopy of conidiogenous loci also provide additional characteristics for distinguishing Cercosporella and Ramularia. Conidiogenous loci are smooth in Cercosporella but similar to the Cladosporium-type (consisting of a circular rim and a central dome) in Ramrnularia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CercosporellaandRamularia

Kirschner

2009

Mycologia

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“…Species of Mycosphaerella inhabit different ecological niches as saprobes, plant pathogens or endophytes (Farr et al 1995, Verkley & Starink-Willemse 2004, Crous et al 2004b, 2006a, 2007a, b), and have a worldwide distribution from tropical and subtropical to warm and cool regions (Crous 1998, Crous et al 2000, 2001). Plant-pathogenic species of Mycosphaerella are among the most common and destructive plant pathogens occurring on a wide range of hosts including trees, herbaceous plants, and plantation crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deighton (1979) placed both varieties in the genus Paracercospora , based on the slight thickening observed on the rims of scars and conidial hila. However, this feature was not supported by DNA phylogeny, and as there were many intermediate morphological forms, the genus Paracercospora was again reduced to synonymy under Pseudocercospora by Crous et al (2001). Mycosphaerella eumusae ( Pseudocercospora eumusae ), was recognised as a new constituent of the Sigatoka complex of banana in the mid-1990s (Carlier et al 2000, Crous & Mourichon 2002, Jones 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple gene genealogies and phenotypic characters differentiate several novel species of <I>Mycosphaerella</I> and related anamorphs on banana

Arzanlou

Groenewald²,

Fullerton³

et al. 2008

Pers - Int Mycol J

107

120

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Three species of Mycosphaerella, namely M. eumusae, M. fijiensis, and M. musicola are involved in the Sigatoka disease complex of bananas. Besides these three primary pathogens, several additional species of Mycosphaerella or their anamorphs have been described from Musa. However, very little is known about these taxa, and for the majority of these species no culture or DNA is available for study. In the present study, we collected a global set of Mycosphaerella strains from banana, and compared them by means of morphology and a multi-gene nucleotide sequence data set. The phylogeny inferred from the ITS region and the combined data set containing partial gene sequences of the actin gene, the small subunit mitochondrial ribosomal DNA and the histone H3 gene revealed a rich diversity of Mycosphaerella species on Musa. Integration of morphological and molecular data sets confirmed more than 20 species of Mycosphaerella (incl. anamorphs) to occur on banana. This study reconfirmed the previously described presence of Cercospora apii, M. citri and M. thailandica, and also identified Mycosphaerella communis, M. lateralis and Passalora loranthi on this host. Moreover, eight new species identified from Musa are described, namely Dissoconium musae, Mycosphaerella mozambica, Pseudocercospora assamensis, P. indonesiana, P. longispora, Stenella musae, S. musicola, and S. queenslandica.

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“…For example, the observed shapes of the conidiophores and conidia were also observed in pycnidia of species belonging to other genera. DNA sequencing facilitated numerous systematic revisions, and resulted in the addition of new genera to the long-standing coelomycetes such as Septoria , Mycosphaerella , Phoma , Coniothyrium and Phomopsis ( Diaporthe ) (Crous et al., 2001, de Gruyter et al., 2013, Gomes et al., 2013, Verkley et al., 2013, Verkley et al., 2014). Therefore, a comprehensive study was needed to place them with high confidence in the context of a phylogenetically-based classification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood staining fungi revealed taxonomic novelties in Pezizomycotina: New order Superstratomycetales and new species Cyanodermella oleoligni

Nieuwenhuijzen

Houbraken

Adan

et al. 2016

Studies in Mycology

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A culture-based survey of staining fungi on oil-treated timber after outdoor exposure in Australia and the Netherlands uncovered new taxa in Pezizomycotina. Their taxonomic novelty was confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequences (ITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, mitSSU, RPB1, RPB2, and EF-1α) using multiple reference data sets. These previously unknown taxa are recognised as part of a new order (Superstratomycetales) potentially closely related to Trypetheliales (Dothideomycetes), and as a new species of Cyanodermella, C. oleoligni in Stictidaceae (Ostropales) part of the mostly lichenised class Lecanoromycetes. Within Superstratomycetales a single genus named Superstratomyces with three putative species: S. flavomucosus, S. atroviridis, and S. albomucosus are formally described. Monophyly of each circumscribed Superstratomyces species was highly supported and the intraspecific genetic variation was substantially lower than interspecific differences detected among species based on the ITS, nrLSU, and EF-1α loci. Ribosomal loci for all members of Superstratomyces were noticeably different from all fungal sequences available in GenBank. All strains from this genus grow slowly in culture, have darkly pigmented mycelia and produce pycnidia. The strains of C. oleoligni form green colonies with slimy masses and develop green pycnidia on oatmeal agar. These new taxa could not be classified reliably at the class and lower taxonomic ranks by sequencing from the substrate directly or based solely on culture-dependent morphological investigations. Coupling phenotypic observations with multi-locus sequencing of fungi isolated in culture enabled these taxonomic discoveries. Outdoor situated timber provides a great potential for culturable undescribed fungal taxa, including higher rank lineages as revealed by this study, and therefore, should be further explored.

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A phylogenetic redefinition of anamorph genera inMycosphaerellabased on ITS rDNA sequence and morphology

Cited by 70 publications

References 40 publications

CercosporellaandRamularia

CercosporellaandRamularia

Multiple gene genealogies and phenotypic characters differentiate several novel species of <I>Mycosphaerella</I> and related anamorphs on banana

Wood staining fungi revealed taxonomic novelties in Pezizomycotina: New order Superstratomycetales and new species Cyanodermella oleoligni

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