A phylogenetic approach to following West Nile virus in Connecticut

Anderson, John F.; Vossbrinck, Charles R.; Andreadis, Theodore G.; Iton, Anthony; Beckwith, William H.; Mayo, Donald R.

doi:10.1073/pnas.241472398

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The other types of transition such as G-T, C-G or A-T were found in only a few nucleotide changes (5/116); four out of the five were sense mutations. These results are consistent with findings of earlier reports (Anderson et al, 2001;Ebel et al, 2001). No nucleotide differences were identified between the 59-NCR sequences of NY385-99 and its progeny, while 11 nt sequences differed in the 39-NCR.…”

Section: Changes In Nucleotide Sequence Of the Hamsterpassaged Virus supporting

confidence: 93%

Persistent infection and associated nucleotide changes of West Nile virus serially passaged in hamsters

Lü

Guzmán

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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Hamsters experimentally infected with the neuroinvasive West Nile virus (WNV) strain NY385-99 frequently develop persistent renal infection and viruria. Viruses recovered from the urine of such animals no longer cause neurological disease when inoculated into naïve hamsters. To examine if this phenotypic change is stable, and if additional nucleotide changes occur during further passages, a urine isolate from a persistently infected hamster (WNV 9317B) was serially passaged in hamsters, and representative isolates from each passage were analysed for pathogenesis in hamsters and by nucleotide sequencing. The progeny viruses tested all resulted in asymptomatic infection when inoculated into hamsters and caused no mortality. Most of the original nucleotide changes were retained in these serial WNV isolates. Changes were distributed throughout the genome at 116 sites, ranging from 0.082 to 0.262 %, compared with the parent strain NY385-99, and they were mostly in coding regions. Our findings indicate that WNV underwent additional genetic changes during serial passage in hamsters, but there was no reversion to neurotropism and virulence.

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Section: Changes In Nucleotide Sequence Of the Hamsterpassaged Virus supporting

confidence: 93%

Persistent infection and associated nucleotide changes of West Nile virus serially passaged in hamsters

Lü

Guzmán

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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“…Aedes vexans may become infected by feeding on small or medium-sized mammals, which have been reported to have specific antibodies to WNV, 47 shown to produce viremias sufficient to infect mosquitoes, [48][49][50][51] and found naturally infected in the field. 52 The risk that humans will acquire an infectious bite was greatest from the middle of July through the end of August with transmission still occurring in early September (Supplemental Table 4). The vector index was highest from the middle of July through the end of August (Supplemental Table 9, Figure 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003–2006

Anderson¹,

Main²,

Armstrong³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To investigate arbovirus transmission in North Dakota, we collected and screened mosquitoes for viral infection by Vero cell culture assay. Seven viruses were isolated from 13 mosquito species. Spatial and temporal distributions of the important vectors of West Nile virus (WNV), Cache Valley virus, Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), and trivittatus virus are reported. Snowshoe hare virus, Potosi virus, and western equine encephalomyelitis virus were also isolated. The risks of Culex tarsalis and Aedes vexans transmitting WNV to humans were 61.4% and 34.0% in 2003-2006, respectively, but in 2003 when the largest epidemic was reported, risks for Ae. vexans and Cx. tarsalis in Cass County were 73.6% and 23.9%, respectively. Risk of humans acquiring an infectious bite was greatest from about the second week of July through most of August. West Nile virus sequences were of the WN02 genotype. Most JCV strains belonged to a single clade of genetically related strains. Cache Valley virus and JCV were prevalent during August and early September and during July and August, respectively.

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“…This isolate belongs to lineage I and is most closely related to the Israel-98 goose isolate AF481864 (IS-98) (6,10). Phylogenetic comparisons of partial and complete nucleotide sequences from US isolates collected between the 1999 and 2000 epidemics with WN-NY99 isolate showed a high degree of genetic similarity with >99.8% nucleotide homology and >99.9% amino acid homology (11)(12)(13)(14). A study of 22 (20,21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%