A photoresponsive palladium complex of an azopyridyl-triazole ligand: light-controlled solubility drives catalytic activity in the Suzuki coupling reaction

Abstract

A palladium complex of a click-derived pyridyl-triazol ligand with photoswitchable solubility is reported.

Solid-state photochromic arylazopyrazole-based transition metal complexes

“…On the other hand, specific designs are desired in metalbased molecular systems, which give additional advantages in modulating inherent physicochemical properties such as the electrocatalytic, magnetic, redox and biological behaviour of these complexes by light. Such complexes find applications in light-induced ligand-driven spin crossover complexes, [5][6][7] redox switches, 8,9 photoswitchable catalysts, [10][11][12] nonlinear optics, 13,14 logics and memories, 15 supramolecular chemistry, [16][17][18] etc. Indeed, phototunability can be introduced into transition metal complexes by incorporating different organic photochromes within the ligand frameworks.…”

Traffic Lights for Catalysis: Stimuli‐Responsive Molecular and Extended Catalytic Systems

“…[73] Rational design of photoswitchable catalysts in this area has not only resulted in "on/off" catalysts, but also in systems for which the possible outcomes are no longer binary. [63,[84][85][86] That is, switchable catalysts could serve to promote different reaction mechanisms with regio-or enantioselectivity depending on the state of the photoswitch. [73,87,88] Despite significant progress toward such systems, development of fully reversible switchable catalysts capable of promoting variable product formation remains a challenging task.…”

“…Based on the mentioned studies above, it is clear that the light‐induced alteration of geometric parameters of photoswitch‐catalyst pairs has the potential to modulate reaction rates, [1, 51, 69, 79] yield, [1, 50, 52, 79] and enantiomeric ratios for chiral products [73] . Rational design of photoswitchable catalysts in this area has not only resulted in “on/off” catalysts, but also in systems for which the possible outcomes are no longer binary [63, 84–86] . That is, switchable catalysts could serve to promote different reaction mechanisms with regio‐ or enantioselectivity depending on the state of the photoswitch [73, 87, 88] …”

Ampeln für die Katalyse: Stimulus‐reaktive molekulare und erweiterte katalytische Systeme

“…[73] Die rationelle Entwicklung von photoschaltbaren Katalysatoren in diesem Bereich hat nicht nur zu " Ein/Aus"-Katalysatoren geführt, sondern auch zu Systemen, bei denen die möglichen Ergebnisse nicht mehr binär sind. [63,[84][85][86] Das heißt, schaltbare Katalysatoren könnten dazu dienen, je nach Zustand des Photoschalters verschiedene Reaktionsmechanismen mit Regio-oder Enantioselektivität zu fördern. [73,87,88] Trotz bedeutender Fortschritte auf dem Weg zu solchen Systemen bleibt die Entwicklung vollständig reversibler schaltbarer Katalysatoren, die eine variable Produktbildung fördern können, eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe.…”