A photoelasticity approach for characterization of defects in microwave drilling of soda lime glass

Lautre, Nitin Kumar; Sharma, Apurbba Kumar; Kumar, Pradeep; Das, Shantanu

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.05.026

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Photoelasticity has great potential as a method of measuring such fields [1,2]. It is a solid-state stress-measurement technique that has been extensively studied over the last 50 years, utilizing the retardation of polarized light [3,4]. When circularlypolarized light is incident on a photoelastic material under stress loading, birefringence occurs depending on the stress state, and elliptically-polarized light with retardation Δ and orientation 𝜙 is emitted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated photoelasticity measurements of a three-dimensional laminar flow: second-order stress terms in the stress-optic law

Nakamine¹,

Yokoyama²,

Worby³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study experimentally validates a stress-optic law for a three-dimensional flow using integrated photoelasticity. In this stress-optic law, the stress is related to the two photoelastic parameters — the phase retardation Δ and orientation 𝜙 — of elliptically-polarized light. Previous studies have examined the stress-optic law of three-dimensional flows, but the importance of the second-order stress terms in the three-dimensional stress-optic law, i.e., those relating to the stress component along the camera’s optical axis, have not yet been experimentally validated. In this work, we measure the retardation of a steady Newtonian fluid laminar flow (cellulose nanocrystal suspension of 0.5 wt%) in a square channel and compare it with the theoretical prediction. Remarkably, the theoretical result including the second-order stress terms shows good agreement with the experimental result for various flow rates, while the calculation without these terms results in a significant deviation from the measurements. Therefore, proper consideration of the second-order stress terms in the three-dimensional stress-optic law is crucial for integrated photoelasticity measurements of three-dimensional flow fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated photoelasticity measurements of a three-dimensional laminar flow: second-order stress terms in the stress-optic law

Nakamine¹,

Yokoyama²,

Worby³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The photoelastic method was developed as a stress-measurement technique for solids, and it has been further developed and widely studied for 50 years 7 . Among solid materials, various studies considering the measurement of stresses and residual stresses, especially in glass, have been undertaken 6,8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of flow birefringence induced by the shear components along the optical axis using a parallel-plate-type rheometer

Worby,

Nakamine,

Yokoyama

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In this study, the concept of rheo-optics is applied that explores the flow birefringence caused by stress components along the optical axis of the camera since it is often overlooked in the traditional theories of photoelastic flow measurement. A novel aspect of this research is that it involved conducting polarization measurements on simple shear flows, specifically from a perspective in which a shear-velocity gradient exists along the camera's optical axis. A parallel-plate-type rheometer and a polarization camera are employed for these systematic measurements. The experimental findings for dilute aqueous cellulose nanocrystal suspensions demonstrates that the flow birefringence can be expressed as a power law based on the power of the second invariant of the deformation-rate tensor. This suggests that flow birefringence can be universally characterized by the coordinate-independent invariants and a pre-factor determined by the direction of polarization measurement. By adjusting the nonlinear term in the stress-optic law, its applicability could be expanded to include three-dimensional fluid stress fields in which the stress is distributed along the camera's optical axis.

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“…Multiple studies were conducted on microwave drilling and casting of different materials such as ceramics, Perspex, glass, and metals and reasonable results were reported. 6,7 Similarly, in microwave sintering, a large amount of work was conducted and further work is in progress, including for processing of biomaterials and electronic materials. [8][9][10] Moreover, microwave coating/cladding was also reported for processing high melting point materials like WC-12Co cermet using microwave energy; improved wear resistance and frictional properties were reported with the developed clads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On microstructural and mechanical properties of 21-4-N nitronic steel joint developed using microwave energy

Bhandari

Gupta

Mishra

et al. 2021

Journal of Micromanufacturing

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In the current experimental work, an effort has been made to explore the feasibility of fusion joints of 21-4-N nitronic steel employing microwave heating. These fusion joints were developed inside a domestic microwave applicator operating at 900 W. Microwave energy was used to fabricate the joints in hybrid heating mode by converting electromagnetic energy into heat at 2.45 GHz. Charcoal and SiC plates were used as susceptor and separator, respectively, and nickel powder was used as the interface material. The developed joints were characterized for their microstructural and mechanical properties. The microstructures indicate a complete fusion of nickel interfacing powder with the faying surfaces. XRD results show the formation of metallic nitrides and carbide phases (Cr2N, Fe3N, and Fe2C) and the FeNi phase at the weld zone. Furthermore, the observed average tensile strength of the fusion joints was approximately 61% of base metal. The reduction in the stress and elongation compared to the base metal were 38.67% and 12.68%, respectively. The average microhardness of the microwave joints was monitored as 407 ± 69.27 HV. The results indicate the feasibility of fusion joints of nitronic steel using microwave energy.

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A photoelasticity approach for characterization of defects in microwave drilling of soda lime glass

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Integrated photoelasticity measurements of a three-dimensional laminar flow: second-order stress terms in the stress-optic law

Integrated photoelasticity measurements of a three-dimensional laminar flow: second-order stress terms in the stress-optic law

Examination of flow birefringence induced by the shear components along the optical axis using a parallel-plate-type rheometer

On microstructural and mechanical properties of 21-4-N nitronic steel joint developed using microwave energy

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