A photochromic and scintillation Eu-MOF with visual X-ray detection in bright and dark environments

Abstract

A rare earth MOF with both X-ray induced photochromic and scintillation properties is reported. The two functions all arise from the highly effective X-ray absorption and can be used for simple X-ray detection in different environments.

Hybrid Photochromic Lanthanide Phosphonate with Multiple Photoresponsive Functionalities

“…Hybrid photochromic materials (HPMs) show potentiality in various domains such as anticounterfeiting, displays, and information storage because of the synergy effect of their structural constituents. − The construction of new HPMs and exploration of the available photoresponsive functionality have received continuous interest from researchers. − The feasibility of a photoinduced electron-transfer (ET) strategy in the synthesis of HPMs bearing photoresponsive functionality has been well proved in recent works. − Seeking a new kind of electron acceptor (EA) is significant for enlarging the research field of HPMs from the point of view of synthetic chemistry and property extension. , Persistent efforts have been made by researchers to broaden the categories of EA units.…”

A Three-Component Donor–Acceptor Hybrid Framework with Low-Power X-ray-Induced Photochromism

“…With this in mind, herein conjugated H 2 bcbp·2Cl [H 2 bcbp·2Cl = N , N ′-bis­(4-carboxyphenyl)-(4,4′-bipyridinium) dichloride (see Scheme )] has been chosen as the organic ligand, electron acceptor, and the photochromic unit, while the anionic [Co­(CN) 6 ] 3– clusters were chosen as the electron donors to fabricate D–A systems. At the same time, the emssive Eu 3+ has been selected as metal nodes because the Eu 3+ , with its high atomic number, usually has large photoelectric absorption cross sections that may be beneficial for the enhanced detection sensitivity. ,, As a result, a novel three-component D–A hybrid framework with a 3-fold interpenetrated structure has been obtained, namely, [Eu­(bcbp) 1.5 (DMF)­(H 2 O) 2 ]­[Co­(CN) 6 ]·4H 2 O·CH 3 OH ( 1 ), which indeed exhibits low-power XIP with a directly “visualized” color change. Furthermore, the multiple pathways for electron transfers within the D–A system also endow hybrid 1 with excellent UV light-induced photochromism and photomodulated luminescent behaviors.…”

“…At the same time, the emssive Eu 3+ has been selected as metal nodes because the Eu 3+ , with its high atomic number, usually has large photoelectric absorption cross sections that may be beneficial for the enhanced detection sensitivity. 21,41,42 ■ EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Materials and Measurements. All reagent-grade chemicals were obtained from commercial sources and used without further purification, except for H 2 bcbp•2Cl, which was prepared according to the literature.…”

UV and X-ray Dual Photochromism of Two Zn(II)-Viologen Coordination Polymers and Fast Decoloration by Hydrogen Chloride

“…For example, Guo and co-workers reported a case of Zn-CP with fast responses to Xrays (Al-K α for 1 s and Mo-K α for 4 min) and an Eu compound with different color changes upon high-energy and low-energy X-rays. 23,24 A Co compound with a rapid response to X-ray source response and recovery less than 1 min was reported by Zhang and co-workers. 25 S.-Q.…”

“…In recent years, photochromic materials have been widely studied because of their wide application in smart windows, energy conversion, information storage, display, protection, inkless printing, and so on. − Viologen-functionalized complexes are typical photochromic materials that can exhibit three oxidation states and are usually accompanied by color changes during valence state transformations. − Nowadays, many based on viologen-based complexes with fast responses to UV and X-rays have been reported. For example, Guo and co-workers reported a case of Zn-CP with fast responses to X-rays (Al-K α for 1 s and Mo-K α for 4 min) and an Eu compound with different color changes upon high-energy and low-energy X-rays. , A Co compound with a rapid response to X-ray source response and recovery less than 1 min was reported by Zhang and co-workers . S.-Q.…”