“…Lipins are predominantly cytosolic proteins that translocate to their sites of action in the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). These changes are dictated by a polybasic nuclear localization motif (6,9,14), which also promotes an electrostatic interaction with negatively charged phosphatidate, fatty acids, and acyl-CoA esters on the membrane surface (9, 14 -17). Conversely, positively charged amphiphilic compounds, such as chlorpromazine and sphingosine, reverse this translocation (16,18).…”