“…However as the cells in each phase chain are isolated, the cell voltage may drift away from their rated levels when unbalanced power flows between phases, causing them giving poor performance or even malfunction. The method of using zero sequence voltage/current has been proposed for preventing such problem occurring [23], thus for SSBC-MMCC a zero sequence voltage is injected to cancel out the unbalanced power between phases and for SDBC-MMCC a zero sequence current is added. However the superimposed zero sequence elements result in the rise of SSBC-MMCC phase voltage to exceed its rated level, and current through SDBC-MMCC increases over its limit.…”
Section: Circuit Configuration Of Mmcc-based Statcomsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consequently dc-link voltages may drift away from their rated levels, resulting in STATCOM malfunction leading to distorted currents injected into the grid, and overstressing or even damaging the devices. The approach used for an SSBC-MMCC is to inject a sinusoidal zero-sequence voltage in the converter neutral point [17,[22][23][24]. For SDBC-MMCC a zero-sequence current is applied to circulate in the delta-configured three-phase limbs [19,25].…”
Abstract-Modular multilevel cascaded converter-based STATCOMs are scalable to higher voltages without requiring a step-up transformer with multiple windings and can be realised using a low switching frequency, giving lower harmonic content and hence a reduced filtering requirement. The paper presents a new injection technique to extend the operating ranges of MMCC STATCOMs when used for negative sequence and reactive current compensation. A non-sinusoidal voltage or current containing a fundamental and its third harmonic component is injected to achieve phase cluster voltage balance. This technique reduces the maximum dc-link voltage for the star configuration, and the maximum converter phase circulating current for the delta case, compared to applying only sinusoidal zero sequence components for mitigating the same degree of load unbalance. The analysis is confirmed experimentally, showing that the third harmonic injection can allow a significant improvement of STATCOM capability for simultaneous compensation of unbalanced load and reactive current.
“…However as the cells in each phase chain are isolated, the cell voltage may drift away from their rated levels when unbalanced power flows between phases, causing them giving poor performance or even malfunction. The method of using zero sequence voltage/current has been proposed for preventing such problem occurring [23], thus for SSBC-MMCC a zero sequence voltage is injected to cancel out the unbalanced power between phases and for SDBC-MMCC a zero sequence current is added. However the superimposed zero sequence elements result in the rise of SSBC-MMCC phase voltage to exceed its rated level, and current through SDBC-MMCC increases over its limit.…”
Section: Circuit Configuration Of Mmcc-based Statcomsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consequently dc-link voltages may drift away from their rated levels, resulting in STATCOM malfunction leading to distorted currents injected into the grid, and overstressing or even damaging the devices. The approach used for an SSBC-MMCC is to inject a sinusoidal zero-sequence voltage in the converter neutral point [17,[22][23][24]. For SDBC-MMCC a zero-sequence current is applied to circulate in the delta-configured three-phase limbs [19,25].…”
Abstract-Modular multilevel cascaded converter-based STATCOMs are scalable to higher voltages without requiring a step-up transformer with multiple windings and can be realised using a low switching frequency, giving lower harmonic content and hence a reduced filtering requirement. The paper presents a new injection technique to extend the operating ranges of MMCC STATCOMs when used for negative sequence and reactive current compensation. A non-sinusoidal voltage or current containing a fundamental and its third harmonic component is injected to achieve phase cluster voltage balance. This technique reduces the maximum dc-link voltage for the star configuration, and the maximum converter phase circulating current for the delta case, compared to applying only sinusoidal zero sequence components for mitigating the same degree of load unbalance. The analysis is confirmed experimentally, showing that the third harmonic injection can allow a significant improvement of STATCOM capability for simultaneous compensation of unbalanced load and reactive current.
“…Hence, no current would flow between the points M and O even if any voltage is applied as v MO between these points. Appropriate adjustment of v MO allows the SSBC converter to achieve intercluster balancing control [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Note that the intentionally applied voltage v MO does not come across any line-to-line voltage at the AC side of the SSBC converter.…”
Section: Terminological Issue and A Solution To Itmentioning
This paper starts with a historical review of the family of modular multilevel cascade converters, and the topology and terminology of the family. Then, it answers the following question: 'What motivated the author to apply phase-shifted-carrier pulse-width modulation (PSC PWM) to the family?' The success in academic research on this application owes to integrating inter-cluster balancing or inter-arm balancing control into the middle layer of a hierarchical control system consisting of three layers. This integration makes it easy to expand the PSC PWM to any bridge-cell or chopper-cell count per cluster or arm. Finally, this paper ends with future scenarios of a few promising family members and their practical applications, from the personal experience and view of the author.
“…This means that the PLL circuit is affected by voltage sags because v Sq during voltage sags contains 100-Hz component which is not desirable for the PLL circuit. To avoid undesirable effect caused by voltage sags, control gains of the PLL circuit were set appropriately so that the effect of 100-Hz component included in v Sq be minimized [18].…”
Section: B Solution For the Above Problemsmentioning
This paper focuses on the zero-voltage ride-through (ZVRT) capability of a transformerless back-to-back (BTB) system intended for installation on a power distribution system with many distributed power generators. The BTB system consists of two modular multilevel cascade converters based on double-star chopper cells (MMCC-DSCC) and their ac sides are connected to a common ac mains via ac-link inductors. This paper provides an experimental discussion on the DSCC-based BTB system under voltage sags by using a three-phase 200-V 10-kW downscaled system. Experimental results show that the BTB system is equipped with ZVRT capability without causing any overvoltage and/or overcurrent even under the most severe voltage sags.
Index Terms -Back-to-back (BTB) systems, modular multilevel cascade converters (MMCC), zero-voltage ride-through (ZVRT) capability.0885-8993 (c)
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