A phase I trial of cyclosporine for hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Abstract

Conflict of interest: EAB has been the recipient of grant funding to her institution from Merck, Takeda (Shire), and Hologic for clinical trials related to cytomegalovirus; payments for Data Safety Monitoring Board participation from Amplyx (for a trial related to BK virus treatment) and the NIH; support for attending meetings from the American Society of Transplantation and the University of Colorado; payments for editorial board participation from UptoDate and the American Society of Transplantation; and has served on the board of the American Society of Transplantation and as a committee chair for the American Society of Transplantation. IF has received grant funding through his institution from Moderna, Janssen, Sanofi, and Pfizer for clinical trials and payment for participation in advisory boards from Gilead and ViiV. BMH, KC, CMB, and SEC are employees of NanoString Technologies and all are stockholders in this company. EOH has received grants through her institution from the National Cancer Institute, Tmunity Therapeutics, Blueprint Medicines, and Abbvie. She has received consulting fees from the American Board of Internal Medicine and has participated in the Data Safety Monitoring Boards for Pharmessentia, Inc. and Blueprint Medicines. JAF and CHJ receive research funding supported in part by a grant from the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Anthracyclines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection

“…A second example is mycophenolic acid which is an inhibitor of inosine-5’-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) and inhibits SARS-CoV-2 at least partially through suppressing viral protein NSP14-mediated activation of NF-κB (56, 57). We also observed the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of cyclosporin A which was evaluated in clinical trials as a potential treatment for COVID-19 (58).…”

Anthracyclines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection

“…A second example is mycophenolic acid which is an inhibitor of inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) and inhibits SARS-CoV-2 at least partially through suppressing viral protein NSP14-mediated activation of NF-κB ( Volle et al., 2022 ; Li et al., 2022 ). We also observed the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of cyclosporin A which was evaluated in clinical trials as a potential treatment for COVID-19 ( Blumberg et al., 2022 ). We noticed that some of the tested compounds did not consistently inhibit both SARS-CoV-2 and hCoV-229E.…”

An Enhanced Dissolving Cyclosporin-A Inhalable Powder Efficiently Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro

“…As mentioned before, CsA has been shown to have a direct inhibitory effect on the replication of different types of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. For this purpose, orally administrated CsA has also been the subject of clinical trials, reporting positive results on the survival of patients affected by COVID-19 [ 46 , 52 ]. Moreover, to date, a further ten clinical trials are ongoing, although the results have not yet become available, indicating the high interest in CsA for the treatment of this disease.…”