A perturbed hydrological cycle during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

Helmond, Niels A. G. M. van; Sluijs, Appy; Reichart, Gert‐Jan; Damsté, J.S. Sinninghe; Slomp, Caroline P.; Brinkhuis, Henk

doi:10.1130/g34929.1

Cited by 104 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…2, Table 3) that closely resemble positive carbon isotope events from terrestrial organic matter (d 13 C TOM ) within the Turonian Yezo Group, Japan (YT1-YT3; Uramoto et al, 2013). These organic carbon events can be correlated with reference carbon isotope trends based on bulk carbonate (d 13 C carb ) from Europe (Jarvis et al, 2006;Wendler, 2013; see Uramoto et al, 2013) and the Western Interior Seaway (Sageman et al, 2006;Joo and Sageman, 2014). In particular, the early to middle Turonian CIE in Iona-1 corresponds with the YT1 Yezo Group and Lulworth-Round Down excursions in the English Chalk reference section (Jarvis et al, 2006), which also encompass the higher frequency Tu7eTu10 isotope events (Voigt et al, 2007;Wendler, 2013;Fig.…”

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…9) occur below the onset of the OAE-2 interval as previously recognized and are forerunners to the main CIE. The occurrence of these precursor events in numerous locations within the KWIS (e.g., Iona-1; USGS Portland-1; GSSP, Pueblo) also correspond with other global records where they occur below the first rise in the stable carbon isotope values, but where their significance has not been highlighted; e.g., the New Jersey Shelf (van Helmond et al, 2014), Equatorial Atlantic (Forster et al, 2007), South Atlantic (Forster et al, 2008), and European sections such as the Vocantian Basin, France (Jarvis et al, 2011) andWunstorf, Germany (Du Vivier et al, 2014). It is possible that these precusor events are part of the OE-2 CIE interval and requires further studies on complete stratigraphic sections.…”

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The middle Turonian event identified in Iona-1 corresponds to the d 13 C TOM YT-2 event in Japan (Uramoto et al, 2013) as well as with the Pewsey d 13 C carb Event in the English Chalk (Jarvis et al, 2006) and Western Interior Seaway (Joo and Sageman, 2014 identified in Iona-1 shows good correspondence with the d 13 C TOM YT-3 event in Japan (Uramoto et al, 2013) and the English Chalk reference section (Jarvis et al, 2006;Voigt et al, 2007;Wendler, 2013). Specifically, the positive excursion may correspond with the 'Hitchwood' event, whereas negative excursions may correspond with the Bridgewick and Navigation events.…”

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Global organic carbon isotope (d 13 C org ) correlation between Iona-1 (this study), KWIS reference section (Joo and Sageman, 2014), terrestrial organic matter isotope (d 13 C TOM ) record from Obira, Japan (Uramoto et al, 2013) and the carbonate carbon isotope (d 13 C carb ) record from the English Chalk reference section (Jarvis et al, 2006). Isotope event nomenclature follows this study, Jarvis et al (2006), and Uramoto et al (2013); dark-gray horizontal shading ¼ major isotopic events; light-gray horizontal shading ¼ earlier initiation of OAE-2 CIE based on inclusion of precursor events. Isotope curves have been calibrated to the Iona-1 astronomical age model using key isotopic events.…”

Section: Age Of the Cenomanian-turonian Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy

Eldrett

Bergman

et al. 2015

Cretaceous Research

142

154

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Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Age and Duration Cenomanian And Turonian Isotopic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Of the Cenomanian-turonian Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy

Eldrett

Bergman

et al. 2015

Cretaceous Research

142

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Why are the δ¹³C_org values in Phanerozoic black shales more negative than in modern marine organic matter?

Meyers

2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The d13 C org values of Phanerozoic black shales average 227&, whereas those of modern marine organic matter average 220&. The black shale isotopic values mimic those of continental organic matter, yet their organic geochemical properties mandate that they contain predominantly marine organic matter. Hypotheses that proposed to explain the low d13 C values of black shales include diagenetic losses of isotopically heavier organic matter components, releases of isotopically light carbon from methane clathrates or extensive magmatic events, greater photosynthetic discrimination against 13 C during times of higher atmospheric pCO 2 , and greenhouse climate stratification of the surface ocean that magnified photic zone recycling of isotopically light organic matter. Although the last possibility seems contrary to the vertical mixing that leads to the high productivity of modern oceanic upwelling systems, it is consistent with the strongly stratified conditions that accompanied deposition of the organic carbon-rich Pliocene-Pleistocene sapropels of the Mediterranean Sea. Because most Phanerozoic black shales contain evidence of photic zone anoxia similar to the sapropels, well-developed surface stratification of the oceans was likely involved in their formation. Existence of isotopically light land plant organic matter during several episodes of extensive magmatism that accompanied black shale deposition implies massive release of mantle CO 2 that added to the greenhouse conditions that favored oceanic stratification. The 13 C depletion common to most Phanerozoic black shales apparently resulted from a greenhouse climate associated with elevated atmospheric pCO 2 that led to a strongly stratified ocean and photic zone recycling of organic matter in, augmented by magmatic CO 2 releases.

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Spatial extent and degree of oxygen depletion in the deep proto‐North Atlantic basin during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

Helmond

Baroni

Sluijs

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Massive organic matter burial due to widespread ocean anoxia across the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary event (94 Ma) resulted in a major perturbation of the global carbon cycle: the so-called Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2). The characteristics and spatial distribution of the OAE2 deposits that formed in the deep basin of the proto-North Atlantic remain poorly described, however. Here we present proxy data of redox sensitive (trace) elements (e.g., Mo, Fe/Al, C org /P tot , and Mn) for OAE2 sediments from five Deep Sea Drilling Project and Ocean Drilling Program sites located in the deep proto-North Atlantic basin. Our results highlight that bottom waters in the entire deep proto-North Atlantic were anoxic during most of OAE2. Furthermore, regressions of Mo with total organic carbon content (TOC), previously shown to document the degree of water mass restriction, confirm that the water circulation in the proto-North Atlantic basin was severely restricted during OAE2. Comparison of these values to Mo/TOC ratios in the present-day Black Sea suggests a renewal frequency of the deep proto-North Atlantic water mass of between 0.5 and 4 ka, compared to a maximum of 200 years for the present-day northern Atlantic. The Plenus Cold Event, a cooler episode during the early stages of OAE2 hypothesized to be caused by declining pCO 2 due to extensive burial of organic matter, appears to have led to temporary re-oxygenation of the bottom water in the deep proto-North Atlantic basin during OAE2.

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A perturbed hydrological cycle during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

Cited by 104 publications

References 33 publications

An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy

An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy

Why are the δ¹³C_org values in Phanerozoic black shales more negative than in modern marine organic matter?

Spatial extent and degree of oxygen depletion in the deep proto‐North Atlantic basin during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

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A perturbed hydrological cycle during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

Cited by 104 publications

References 33 publications

An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy

An astronomically calibrated stratigraphy of the Cenomanian, Turonian and earliest Coniacian from the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA: Implications for global chronostratigraphy

Why are the δ13Corg values in Phanerozoic black shales more negative than in modern marine organic matter?

Spatial extent and degree of oxygen depletion in the deep proto‐North Atlantic basin during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

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Why are the δ¹³C_org values in Phanerozoic black shales more negative than in modern marine organic matter?