A Personalized Electronic Tattoo for Healthcare Realized by On‐the‐Spot Assembly of an Intrinsically Conductive and Durable Liquid‐Metal Composite (Adv. Mater. 32/2022)

Lee, Gun‐Hee; Woo, Heejin; Yoon, Chanwoong; Yang, Congqi; Bae, Jae‐Young; Kim, Wonsik; Lee, Dong Hoon; Kang, Heemin; Han, Seungmin; Kang, Seung‐Kyun; Park, Seongjun; Kim, Hyung‐Ryong; Jeong, Jae‐Woong; Park, Steve

doi:10.1002/adma.202270236

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Using various machine learning algorithms, feedback is given to the user through the stimulation electrodes when the robot detects hazardous chemicals or is projected to collide with an object. Apart from human−machine interfaces, electrical stimulation e-tattoos have recently found applications in muscle-related chronic disease treatment, 132 cardiac resynchronization therapy, 469 virtual haptic feedback, 470 and neuroprosthetic control. 471 Heating provides another method for stimulation through thermotherapy and is applied in pain alleviation 472 and muscle theranostics.…”

Section: E-tattoo Stimulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(c) Liquid metal: (i) SEM image of liquid metal particles with a printed e-tattoo on human skin (inset); (ii) electrical resistance changes from 0% to 800% tensile strain; (iii) SEM image of liquid metal particles with platinum-decorated CNTs; (iv) liquid metal e-tattoo lighting up an LED. Reproduced with permission from refs and . Copyright 2022 American Chemical Society and 2022 John Wiley and Sons.…”

Section: Materials Design Manufacture and Transferring Technologies O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, mechanical activation processes like scrubbing, tensile straining, or chemical etching are required to rupture or remove this oxide layer to enhance the electrical conductivity . A recent study achieved intrinsically conductive liquid metal tattoo circuits by coating liquid metal particles with platinum-decorated CNTs (Figure c-iii), where the platinum nanoparticles induce gallium to extrude from the insulated Ga 2 O 3 layer, forming a continuous conductive layer (Figure c-iv). Leakage, a common issue in these e-tattoos due to the fluidity of liquid metals, has been addressed by Xu et al by incorporating liquid metal micro/nanoparticles into porous polyurethane, significantly reducing leakage through minimizing mechanical deformation …”

Section: Materials Design Manufacture and Transferring Technologies O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The working electrode is typically functionalized with specific types of enzymes that selectively oxidize the target biochemicals in sweat, leading to an increase in current (Figure a-ii). To achieve high sensitivity, materials with large surface areas, such as carbon particles, CNTs, graphene, and liquid metal microparticles are typically used as working electrodes. These biosensors have been used to provide noninvasive and continuous monitoring of a wide range of biochemicals in sweat, including lactate, , pH, , sodium ions, heavy metal ions, ammonium, glucose, ,,, and alcohol .…”

Section: E-tattoo Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, mechanical activation processes like scrubbing, tensile straining, or chemical etching are required to rupture or remove this oxide layer to enhance the electrical conductivity. 131 A recent study achieved intrinsically conductive liquid metal tattoo circuits by coating liquid metal particles with platinum-decorated CNTs (Figure 5c-iii), 132 where the platinum nanoparticles induce gallium to 46 Conducting polymers, such as PEDOT:PSS, are extensively used in e-tattoos for their good electrical conductivity, solution processability, and biocompatibility. 133 Notably, PEDOT:PSS exhibits unique electronic-ionic conductivity, which reduces the contact impedance with the skin compared to metals, 134 making it an ideal choice for biopotential recording electrodes.…”

Section: Materials For E-tattoosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin

Li,

Tan,

Rao

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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The human body continuously emits physiological and psychological information from head to toe. Wearable electronics capable of noninvasively and accurately digitizing this information without compromising user comfort or mobility have the potential to revolutionize telemedicine, mobile health, and both human−machine or human−metaverse interactions. However, state-of-the-art wearable electronics face limitations regarding wearability and functionality due to the mechanical incompatibility between conventional rigid, planar electronics and soft, curvy human skin surfaces. E-Tattoos, a unique type of wearable electronics, are defined by their ultrathin and skin-soft characteristics, which enable noninvasive and comfortable lamination on human skin surfaces without causing obstruction or even mechanical perception. This review article offers an exhaustive exploration of e-tattoos, accounting for their materials, structures, manufacturing processes, properties, functionalities, applications, and remaining challenges. We begin by summarizing the properties of human skin and their effects on signal transmission across the e-tattoo-skin interface. Following this is a discussion of the materials, structural designs, manufacturing, and skin attachment processes of e-tattoos. We classify e-tattoo functionalities into electrical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical sensing, as well as wound healing and other treatments. After discussing energy harvesting and storage capabilities, we outline strategies for the system integration of wireless e-tattoos. In the end, we offer personal perspectives on the remaining challenges and future opportunities in the field.

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Section: E-tattoo Stimulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Design Manufacture and Transferring Technologies O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Design Manufacture and Transferring Technologies O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E-tattoo Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, mechanical activation processes like scrubbing, tensile straining, or chemical etching are required to rupture or remove this oxide layer to enhance the electrical conductivity. 131 A recent study achieved intrinsically conductive liquid metal tattoo circuits by coating liquid metal particles with platinum-decorated CNTs (Figure 5c-iii), 132 where the platinum nanoparticles induce gallium to 46 Conducting polymers, such as PEDOT:PSS, are extensively used in e-tattoos for their good electrical conductivity, solution processability, and biocompatibility. 133 Notably, PEDOT:PSS exhibits unique electronic-ionic conductivity, which reduces the contact impedance with the skin compared to metals, 134 making it an ideal choice for biopotential recording electrodes.…”

Section: Materials For E-tattoosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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