A person-centered examination of emotion dysregulation, sensitivity to threat, and impulsivity among children and adolescents: An ERP study

Heffer, Taylor; Willoughby, Teena

doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100900

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Beyond fluctuations and perseverance, higher average IC was also associated with less positive and negative urgency, suggesting that average IC – assessed in the context of adolescents’ everyday lives – may be particularly relevant for impulsive behaviors that occur in emotional or motivational situations. This nomothetic inference is consistent with the larger literature suggesting that IC is particularly salient for externalizing behaviors (Heffer & Willoughby, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

100 days of Adolescence: Elucidating Externalizing Behaviors Through the Daily Assessment of Inhibitory Control

Chaku

Yan

Kelly

et al. 2023

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol

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Inhibitory control is a transdiagnostic risk factor for externalizing behaviors, particularly during adolescence. Despite advances in understanding links between inhibitory control and externalizing behaviors across youth on average, significant questions remain about how these links play out in the day-to-day lives of individual adolescents. The goals of the current study were to: (1) validate a novel 100-occasion measure of inhibitory control; (2) assess links between day-to-day fluctuations in inhibitory control and individual differences in externalizing behaviors; and (3) illustrate the potential of intensive longitudinal studies for person-specific analyses of adolescent externalizing behaviors. Participants were 106 youth (57.5% female, Mage = 13.34 years; SDage = 1.92) who completed a virtual baseline session followed by 100 daily surveys, including an adapted Stroop Color Word task designed to assess inhibitory control. Results suggested that the novel task was generally reliable and valid, and that inhibitory control fluctuated across days in ways that were meaningfully associated with individual differences in baseline impulsive behaviors. Results of illustrative personalized analyses suggested that inhibitory control had more influence in the daily networks of adolescents who used substances during the 100 days than in a matched set of adolescents who did not. This work marks a path forward in intensive longitudinal research by validating a novel inhibitory control measure, revealing that daily fluctuations in inhibitory control may be a unique construct broadly relevant to adolescent externalizing problems, and at the same time, highlighting that links between daily inhibitory control and impulsive behaviors are adolescent-specific.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

100 days of Adolescence: Elucidating Externalizing Behaviors Through the Daily Assessment of Inhibitory Control

Chaku

Yan

Kelly

et al. 2023

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol

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“…Thus, it is possible that potential problems related to emotion dysregulation, which have been linked to symptoms of anxiety, distress, and depression (Bradley et al., 2011; Cisler & Olatunji, 2012; D'Agostino et al., 2017; Mennin et al., 2009), might have overlapped with the manifestations of impulsivity and compulsivity. Indeed, one study reported lower ERN amplitudes in individuals with moderate emotional dysregulation and high impulsivity (Heffer & Willoughby, 2021). The observed reduction in the differentiation between ERN and CRN could also be attributed to a combination of slight reduction in ERN and increase in CRN, although direct comparisons with individuals scoring low on both traits were not significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, very few studies consider transdiagnostic markers like impulsivity and compulsivity, and their interactions (examples are Dhir et al., 2022; Hill et al., 2016). In a study examining different profiles of emotional dysregulation, threat sensitivity, and impulsivity, a subgroup with moderate dysregulation and high impulsivity exhibited the lowest ERN amplitudes (Heffer & Willoughby, 2021). Regarding the interaction of dimensionally assessed constructs closely related to impulsivity and compulsivity, there are reports of high negative urgency predicting higher ERN amplitudes at low conscientiousness, and this effect of negative urgency was not significant at high conscientiousness (Hill et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling associations between impulsivity, compulsivity, and performance monitoring

Overmeyer,

Endrass

2024

Psychophysiology

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Disorders marked by high levels of impulsivity and compulsivity have been linked to changes in performance monitoring, specifically the error‐related negativity (ERN). We investigated the relationship between performance monitoring and individual differences in impulsivity and compulsivity. A total of 142 participants were recruited into four groups, each with different combinations of impulsivity and compulsivity, and they performed a flanker task to assess error‐related brain activity. We defined error‐related brain activity as ERN amplitude and theta power. Single‐trial regression was employed to analyze the amplitude differences between incorrect and correct trials within the ERN time window. The findings revealed that impulsivity, compulsivity, and different measures of response processing exhibited distinct interactions, which were influenced by the configuration of impulsivity and compulsivity, but also depended on the measure of response processing. Specifically, high compulsivity predicted larger ERN amplitudes in individuals with low impulsivity, whereas high impulsivity had no significant effect on ERN amplitude in individuals with low compulsivity. Furthermore, when both impulsivity and compulsivity were high, no significant increase in ERN amplitude was observed; instead, there was a reduced difference between incorrect and correct trials. No significant differences were found for theta power. While the association between error‐related brain activity and transdiagnostic markers or psychopathology may be smaller than generally assumed, considering the interaction between different transdiagnostic markers and their facets can enhance our understanding of the complex associations that arise during the investigation of neural correlates of performance monitoring, specifically the ERN.

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“…Although correlation coefficients differ by population and the subtype of impulsivity and emotion dysregulation measured, coefficients have ranged from statistically non-significant to strong (e.g., r = .68) (Pivarunas & Conner, 2015;Weiss et al, 2015). A recent study of children and adolescents showed a moderate correlation of 0.36 (Heffer & Willoughby, 2021).…”

Section: Childhood Adversity and Emotion Dysregulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral, cognitive, and socioemotional pathways from early childhood adversity to BMI: Evidence from two prospective, longitudinal studies

Doom

Young²,

Farrell³

et al. 2022

Dev Psychopathol

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Childhood adversity is associated with higher adult weight, but few investigations prospectively test mechanisms accounting for this association. Using two socioeconomically high-risk prospective longitudinal investigations, the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (MLSRA; N = 267; 45.3% female) and the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS; n = 2,587; 48.5% female), pathways between childhood adversity and later body mass index (BMI) were tested using impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and overeating as mediators. Childhood adversity from 0 to 5 years included four types of adversities: greater unpredictability, threat/abuse, deprivation/neglect, and low socioeconomic status. Parents reported on child impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and overeating. Height and weight were self-reported and measured at 32 and 37 years in MLSRA and at 15 years in FFCWS. FFCWS results indicated that threat, deprivation, and low socioeconomic status predicted greater impulsivity and emotion dysregulation at 5 years, which in turn predicted greater overeating at 9 years and higher BMI z-score at 15 years. Early unpredictability in FFCWS predicted higher BMI through greater impulsivity but not emotion dysregulation at age 5. MLSRA regression results replicated the threat/abuse → emotion dysregulation → overeating → higher BMI pathway. These findings suggest that different dimensions of early adversity may follow both similar and unique pathways to predict BMI.

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A person-centered examination of emotion dysregulation, sensitivity to threat, and impulsivity among children and adolescents: An ERP study

Cited by 10 publications

References 102 publications

100 days of Adolescence: Elucidating Externalizing Behaviors Through the Daily Assessment of Inhibitory Control

100 days of Adolescence: Elucidating Externalizing Behaviors Through the Daily Assessment of Inhibitory Control

Disentangling associations between impulsivity, compulsivity, and performance monitoring

Behavioral, cognitive, and socioemotional pathways from early childhood adversity to BMI: Evidence from two prospective, longitudinal studies

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