A period prevalence study of being a parent in a secure psychiatric hospital and a description of the parents, the children and the impact of admission on parent–child contact

Abstract

As the discrepancy in whether or not parent patients and their children continued contact with each other after the parent's admission seemed to depend mainly on the child's age and his or her resultant freedom to choose, acquisition of accurate data about affected children's perspective on visiting seems essential. Given that parent patients had experienced relative stability in interpersonal relationships and had rarely had childhood disorders, parenting support in conjunction with treatment seems appropriate. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Offspring outcomes when a parent experiences one or more major psychiatric disorder(s): a clinical review

“…To test for associations between exposure to parental psychopathology in childhood and subsequent suiciderelated behaviours in the offspring. To determine if any such associations differ by the type(s) and timing of parental psychopathology, gender of the parent and of the child, type of child psychiatric symptoms and family functioning 7 Mendes et al 2011 To test the association between maternal depression and depression in school-age children To test for moderating effects of environmental and social covariates Medline, Lilacs, Scielo, Index Psi andPsycInfo 2004 to 2010 Portuguese, Spanish & English search terms used 1 Total: 30 16 longitudinal (9 community, 4 clinical and 3 mixed samples) 14 cross sectional (6 community, 6 clinical and 6 mixed samples) 24 (80%) from the USA; one each from Brazil, Chile, England, Germany, Hungary, and Malaysia Lau et al 2017 To examine the relative risk of a range of affective and non-affective psychopathologies among offspring of at least one parent with bipolar disorder compared to offspring with no parental major psychiatric history Medline, PsycInfo, EMBASE, Scopus to July 2015…”

“…13 studies included child outcomes -either/both: -data collected from the child -data collected through direct observation of the child e.g. video of mother-child interactions -All 13 studies employed at least one structured measure 1 International Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders 2 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 3 Suicide related behaviours (SRB), which here includes suicidal thoughts, suicide plans, self-inflicted potentially or actually harmful behaviour, with or without clear intent to end one's life and completed suicide 4 SSAGA Semi Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (for adults) 5 Connell and Goodman report having identified 134 separate samples, however to ascertain this information on offspring gender, one had to manually count the studies listed in Connell and Goodman's appendix 4, in which the current authors could only identify 127 separate studies. 6 No studies in this review only included daughters.…”

“…At least one of the outcome measures sought in the selected review must have been of child experience(s), or child problem(s), or need(s) or strength (s) Reviews which only reported the effects of parental mental disorder on parenting behaviours, and reported no child measures/outcomes Reviews focussing only on interventions 1 Our threshold for what constituted 'systematic' in methods was very inclusive at the title/abstract and full text screening stage, and any review which had any indication of systematic methods, whether by detailing any methods at all, or by organising results in a systematic way, such as in a table, were included. The quality assessment process then discerned which reviews' methods were sufficiently systematic to be included.…”

“…Offspring findings of emotional (including suicide and suicide-related behaviours), behavioural, cognitive and social outcomes when a parent has major mental disorder, with detail as to the number of studies which were cited as supporting a finding, or being used in a calculation which supports a finding, within the reviews. Significant association between parental mood disorder and offspring SRT OR 5.1 1,5 Offspring of well parents were not given in this review 4 Offspring of fathers with depression N=109 considered to show evidence against a finding, was decided by the current authors based on assessment of the effect size, the confidence interval, the sample size and the homogeneity of the samples involved. Where the number of studies in one column is the total number included in an analysis, and we are unable to discern how many of those studies individually supported (or did not support) a finding, we have not indicated numbers of studies in the other columns, for that particular calculation, as we do not know.…”

“…Interest in the outcomes for offspring who have experienced major parental psychiatric disorder is longstanding. However, offspring who have a parent in secure psychiatric care have received little examination in the research literature, although in England and Wales alone, 5,000-7,000 people are likely to currently have a parent detained in a secure psychiatric hospital [1]. We sought to examine one facet of how these offspring may present:…”