A Perceptually Completed Whole Is Less Than the Sum of Its Parts

Gold, Jason M.

doi:10.1177/0956797614530725

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, if showing the features in combination leads to a decrement in processing efficiency, the sensitivity for the combination should be less than the summed sensitivities across individual features (i.e., "sub-optimal" integration). Surprisingly, Gold (2014) found that integration efficiency was significantly suboptimal in all three tasks-a result that indicates there are hidden costs to the process of visual completion and is consistent with our current findings that perceptual organization can actually lead to significant reductions in overall processing efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The impact of configural superiority on the processing of spatial information.

Bratch¹,

Barr²,

Bromfield³

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impact of context on perception has been well documented for over a century. In some cases, the introduction of context to a set of target features may produce a unified percept, leading to a quicker and more accurate classification; a configural superiority effect (Pomerantz, Sager, & Stoever, 1977). Although this effect has been well characterized in terms of the stimulus features that produce the effect, the specific impact context has on the spatial strategies adopted by observers when making perceptual judgments remains unclear. Here, we sought to address this question by using the methods of response classification and ideal observer analysis. In our main experiment, we used a stimulus set known to produce the configural superiority effect and found that although observers were faster in the presence of context, they were actually less efficient at extracting stimulus information. This surprising result was attributable to the use of a spatial strategy in which observers relied on redundant, noninformative features in the presence of context. A control experiment ruled out the possibility that the mere presence of added context led to these strategic shifts. Our results support previous notions about the nature of the perceptual shifts that are induced by the configural superiority effect. However, they also show that configural processing is more nuanced than originally thought: Although observers may be faster at making judgments when context induces the percept of a configural whole, there appears to be a hidden cost in terms of the efficiency with which information is used. (PsycINFO Database Record

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The impact of configural superiority on the processing of spatial information.

Bratch¹,

Barr²,

Bromfield³

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, Schwarz and Miller (2014) discuss the interactive versus independent effects of redundant signals on response accuracy, recommending that both hits and false alarms be considered with equal rigor in any analysis. In the realm of perceptual sensitivity at threshold, researchers have applied the statistical logic of Miller's RMI to study the perception of facial expressions based on single features and combinations of features (Gold, 2014). These measures also seem ripe for use by researchers of collaborative cognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When two heads are better than one: Interactive versus independent benefits of collaborative cognition

Brennan

Enns

2014

Psychon Bull Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous research has shown that two heads working together can outperform one working alone, but whether such benefits result from social interaction or from the statistical facilitation of independent responses is not clear. Here we apply Miller's (Cognitive Psychology, 14, 247-279, 1982; Ulrich, Miller & Schröter, Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 291-302, 2007) race model inequality (RMI) to distinguish between these two possibilities. Pairs of participants completed a visual enumeration task, both as independent individuals and as two members of a team. The results showed that team performance exceeded the efficiency of two individuals working independently, indicating that interpersonal interaction underlies the collaborative gains in this task. This interpretation was bolstered by analyses showing that the magnitude of the collaborative benefit was positively mediated by the strength of social affiliation and by the similarity of verbal communication among team members. This research serves as a proof-of-concept that Miller's RMI can differentiate between interactive versus independent effects of collaborative cognition. Moreover, the finding that social affiliation and communication similarity each contribute to the collaborative benefit suggests new avenues of research for establishing the mechanisms supporting collaborative cognition.

show abstract

“…The facilitatory component of the Bregman-Kanizsa effect could be considered as a kind of configural superiority effect. However, Gold (2014) provided evidence that visual completion processes involve unanticipated costs. He found that discrimination sensitivity is higher when targets are perceived as isolated fragments than as parts of a whole including either MC (Bent Bars condition) or AC (Rotating Squares and Shrinking/Expanding Squares conditions).…”

Section: The Bregman-kanizsa Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amodal Completion Revisited

Gerbino

2020

i-Perception

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Amodal completion (AC) is analyzed, by looking at its historical roots and persisting conceptual difficulties. Looking at the origin of the concept, it becomes clear that it is not equivalent to perception of occluded parts. The role of fragment incompleteness is discussed, to clarify that it cannot be taken as a necessary factor for eliciting AC. The standard view of AC, depicted as a set of processes that extrapolate from veridically represented image fragments, is evaluated and rejected on the basis of evidence that AC modifies also modal parts. The theoretical importance of AC phenomena and their potential to reveal the inner forces of perceptual organization are emphasized, with specific reference to the minimum principle. Instances in which AC might be expected but does not occur are examined, to define the limits of such an integrative process.

show abstract

A Perceptually Completed Whole Is Less Than the Sum of Its Parts

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

The impact of configural superiority on the processing of spatial information.

The impact of configural superiority on the processing of spatial information.

When two heads are better than one: Interactive versus independent benefits of collaborative cognition

Amodal Completion Revisited

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About