A partially testable, predictive model of psychosocial factors in the etiology of cervical cancer i. Biological, psychological and social aspects

Goodkin, Karl; Antoni, Michael H.; Sevin, Bernd Uwe; Fox, Bernard H.

doi:10.1002/pon.2960020203

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Most of the research focused on specific psychological variables, sometimes referred to as the Type C personality type [44], including mainly extraversion, rationality/antiemotionality, low or high emotional expressivity, repressiveness, submissiveness, depression, anxiety, hostility and facade of pleasantness [10,12,15]. However, even the apparently better supported tendencies, such as anti-emotionality, repressiveness or submissiveness were not found in recent replications [1,29,42,43].…”

Section: Cancer and Personality: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Psychological risk factors for colorectal cancer?

Kreitler

Len

et al. 2008

Psycho Oncologie

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The paper deals with personality correlates of colorectal cancer patients in the framework of the cognitive orientation theory. The cognitive-motivational approach and the construction and testing of a reliable and valid questionnaire for assessing the personality correlates of colorectal cancer are reviewed in the first part. In the second part in a new sample of 230 colorectal cancer patients the themes in the questionnaire are clustered and their structure is tested in a confirmatory factor analysis. Further, following the expectation that colorectal cancer is gender bound, the differences in the themes and belief types are applied to testing differences between men and women corresponding to the medical differences. Finally the questionnaire was applied to identifying the detected personality correlates in an attenuated form in a sample of Crohn's disease patients who are known to be at risk for colorectal cancer. Discriminant analysis showed that the questionnaire provided a highly significant correct identification of cases of the three groups (165 healthy controls, 90 patients with Crohn's disease and 230 colorectal cancer patients). The thematic clusters that constitute the personality correlates of colorectal cancer were found to be tendencies for compulsiveness, control of oneself and especially of anger, self effacement, pleasing others, self assertion, distancing oneself from others, keeping regulations, and performing to perfection all ones obligations. The three major foci of these tendencies are perfect duty performance, and two contradictory pairs: self effacement versus self assertion, and closeness to others versus distancing from others. The clusters and the contrasts constitute potentially sources of tension. It is suggested that the identified personality correlates be considered as psychological risk factors for colorectal cancer.Résumé : Cet article traite des caractéristiques de personnalité des patients atteints de cancer colorectal (CCR) dans le cadre d'une théorie de la personnalité d'orientation cognitive. Cette approche dite motivationnelle-cognitive, ainsi que la construction d'un questionnaire validé et fiable pour mesurer les caractéristiques de personnalité liées au cancer colorectal, sont développées dans la première partie. Dans la seconde partie, à partir d'un nouvel échantillon de 230 patients atteints de CCR, les thèmes du premier questionnaire ont été rangés en clusters et leur structure a été validée par une nouvelle analyse factorielle. Ensuite, partant du fait que le CCR se manifeste sur un plan médical de manière différente en fonction du sexe, les différences dans les thèmes et les types de croyances, ont été mises en application pour tester des différences hommes/femmes correspondant à ces diffé-rences médicales. Enfin, le questionnaire a été appliqué pour identifier les mêmes caractéristiques de personnalité mises en évidence, dans une moindre mesure, chez des patients

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Section: Cancer and Personality: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Psychological risk factors for colorectal cancer?

Kreitler

Len

et al. 2008

Psycho Oncologie

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“…Among the control variables for grief were baseline social support availability and active coping style frequency. Both variables have been demonstrated in prior SSC model [45][46][47] studies with HIV-1-seropositive and HIV-1-seronegative homosexual men to have ameliorating effects on overall distress generally 14,16 and were extended here to the setting of bereavement. A control for degree of loss anticipation was also required, as supported by early work on predictors of postbereavement adjustment.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of a Bereavement Support Group Intervention in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Seropositive and –Seronegative Homosexual Men

Goodkin¹,

Blaney²,

Feaster³

et al. 1999

Arch Gen Psychiatry

Self Cite

131

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“…However, the likelihood of psychological or behavioral factors interacting with the immune system to influence disease progression would be expected to differ across sites. Cancers that are etiologically linked to hormonal stimuli (e.g., breast, ovarian, endometrial, and prostate) or to the immune system (e.g., leukemias, lymphomas) may be most susceptible to influence; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors (i.e., EBV-associated B cell lymphomas; Levine, Ablashi, Nonoyama, Pearson, & Glaser, 1987), viral (e.g., cervical;Goodkin, Antoni, Sevin, & Fox, 1993a, and genetically linked forms (e.g., some types of breast and colon cancer) may be somewhere in the middle, and those cancers believed to be due to physical or chemical carcinogens (e.g., lung cancer linked to tobacco usage) may be the least susceptible to influence. Also, it is known that the risk of cancer increases with age, and as the immune system ages it becomes less efficient.…”

Section: Methodology: Maximizing the Signal To Noise Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

A biobehavioral model of cancer stress and disease course.

Andersen¹,

Kiecolt‐Glaser²,

Glaser³

1994

American Psychologist

387

246

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Approximately 1 million Americans are diagnosed with cancer each year and must cope with the disease and treatments. Many studies have documented the deteriorations in quality of life that occur. These data suggest that the adjustment process is burdensome and lengthy. There is ample evidence showing that adults experiencing other long-term stressors experience not only high rates of adjustment difficulties (e.g., syndromal depression) but important biologic effects, such as persistent downregulation of elements of the immune system, and adverse health outcomes, such as higher rates of respiratory tract infections. Thus, deteriorations in quality of life with cancer are underscored if they have implications for biological processes, such as the immune system, relating to disease progression and spread. Considering these and other data, a biobehavioral model of adjustment to the stresses of cancer is offered, and mechanisms by which psychological and behavioral responses may influence biological processes and, perhaps, health outcomes are proposed. Finally, strategies for testing the model via experiments testing psychological interventions are offered.Cancer is a major health problem, accounting for 23% of all deaths in the United States. Although death rates from heart diseases, stroke, and other conditions have been decreasing, deaths due to cancer have risen 20% in the past 30 years (American Cancer Society [ACS], 1993). This "big picture" holds for the major sites of disease, including lung, breast, and prostate cancer, for which death rates have shown large increases. The number-one killer, lung cancer, has shown huge increases in age-adjusted death rates in the past 30 years-an increase of 121% for men and 415% for women. The second most common site of cancer for men, prostate, has shown a 12% increase in the death rate. For women, breast cancer accounts for 32% of all new cases. During this decade alone, more than 1.5 million women (1 in 9) will be diagnosed and 30% of these women will die from the disease. Other sobering statistics indicate that since 1980 there has been a 24% increase in breast cancer incidence; despite major clinical studies (including trials of dramatic treatments, e.g., bone marrow transplantation), breast cancer mortality rates have been stable for the past 20 years. In sum, increasing numbers of individuals are being diagnosed, undergo difficult therapies, and somehow cope with 5-year relative survival rates of 53% for White Americans and 38% for Black Americans (ACS, 1993).Although there are notable exceptions (e.g., Bard & Sutherland, 1952;Fox, 1976), research programs conducted by psychologists on the behavioral and psychological aspects of cancer did not begin in earnest until the late 1970s. Yet considerable advances have been made in describing the difficulties cancer patients face and examining the processes of adjustment (see discussions in Andersen, 1989; Cancer, 1991, Vol. 67, No. 3 Supplement) NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manus...

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A partially testable, predictive model of psychosocial factors in the etiology of cervical cancer i. Biological, psychological and social aspects

Cited by 24 publications

References 102 publications

Psychological risk factors for colorectal cancer?

Psychological risk factors for colorectal cancer?

A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of a Bereavement Support Group Intervention in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Seropositive and –Seronegative Homosexual Men

A biobehavioral model of cancer stress and disease course.

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