A Partial Test of the Delinquency Continuum Typology: Contracultures and Subcultures

Dorn, Dean S.

doi:10.2307/2575029

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Alors que Coleman (1960) et Kohn (1959) demandent aux sujets de choisir quelques item parmi ceux qui lui sont offerts, AUport et al (1960), Goldstein et al (1960: voir Barton, 1962, Kluckhohn et Strodtbeck (1961), Morris (1956), Schwartzenweller (1959: voir Barton, 1962 Adorno et al (1950), Carter (1956, Corey (1955: voir Tisdale, 1961, Deslauriers et al (1969), Dorn (1969), Eppel (1963), Gagné (1970), Goldstein et al (1960: voir Barton, 1962), Harding (1944: voir Tisdale, 1961, Landis et al (1963), Lurie (1937: voir Tisdale, 1961, Morris (1956), Nettler (1957), Newcomb (1943: voir Barton, 1962, Rettig et Pasamanick (1959, entre autres articles), Scott (1965), Stern (1951: voir Barton, 1962, Taba (1949a).…”

Section: C) L'énoncéunclassified

“…Trent (1958) a bien constaté l'absence flagrante de valeurs chez des délinquants placés en institution, mais il ne les a pas confrontés à un groupe de contrôle d'adaptés. Heureusement, le travail de Dorn (1969) est intéressant à plus d'un titre. Voulant vérifier certains aspects de deux théories sociologiques, il a administré à quelques groupes, dont un composé de jeunes délinquants placés en institution et un autre d'adolescents non délinquants, un questionnaire destiné à mesurer leur orientation aux valeurs.…”

Section: A) L'étude Des Valeurs En Criminologieunclassified

“…Le moindre de ses avantages est qu'à l'inverse du mot (Richard, 1968 ;Szabo et al, 1964), de la question (Stephenson, 1966 ;Szabo et al, 1964 ;Trent, 1958), et de l'énoncé (Deslauriers et al, 1969 ;Dorn, 1969 ;Gagné, 1970 ;Gordon et al, 1963 ;Landis et al, 1963 ;McCord et McCord, 1956), il semble qu'elle n'ait jamais été éprouvée auprès des délin-quants dans le but d'étudier leurs valeurs, bien qu'elle l'ait été dans celui d'analyser leur jugement moral (Baruk et Bachet, 1950 ;McKenna, 1955 ;Szabo et al, 1964). Toutes les espérances deviennent alors permises, d'autant que les recherches susmentionnées n'ont souvent mené qu'à des résultats peu discriminants.…”

Section: C) La Mesure Des Valeurs Motivantes Engendrées Par L'anxiétéunclassified

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Vers une nouvelle conception des valeurs

Goyer-Michaud¹,

Debuyst²

2006

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AbstractTOWARD A NEW CONCEPT OF VALUES : PSYCHOLOGY'S CONTRIBUTION TO VALUE CONCEPTS IN CRIMINOLOGYThe present article introduces a new style of presentation to our review. It was not written by a team, but is the beginning of a dialogue between authors. Part Three by Christian Debuyst is a commentary on the first two sections written by Francyne Goyer-Michaud, which bear on values in psychology and on the elaboration of a new concept of values and its application to juvenile delinquency.Using the guiding theory developed by Spranger and Allport, in which values are defined as the motivations which predispose behaviour, a new concept of values is established — « motivational » values. There would be intermediary values between the individual and the world of values to which he adheres which induce both his values and his non-values, and which receive their power to do so from one of the well-known motivations — anxiety. It became possible, then, to attach to motivating values a typology based on anxiety. In this way, we infer that there are four types of motivating values resulting from anxiety : hedonistic anxiety where behaviour is guided by both the search for pleasure and escape from unpleasantness ; other-directed anxiety which is the fear of losing the love of one's peers ; authority-oriented anxiety, which is fear of the disapproval of authority figures ; and last, integral anxiety, where one fears a lowering of self-esteem. A study of the characteristics of young delinquents made it possible to establish the hypothesis that, in comparison with their socially integrated peers, they were more susceptible than the latter to the first two types of anxiety, and less susceptible to the other two.Along with the formulation of this new concept, the various methods used in measuring the values were studied to select the one that seemed the most suitable for the problem in question.Christian Debuyst bases his critical view of the study of values on four questions that came to mind after reading the text of Francyne Goyer-Michaud. The first concerns the concept of values itself. He believes a differentiation must be made between functional values and true values, and that the motivational values developed by Francyne Goyer-Michaud apply only to the first. He next reflects on anxiety as a source of values, advancing the theory that fear constitutes the motivation of a rather elementary morality which, though it never completely disappears, must eventually be replaced by a higher morality where others are seen as a value.After thinking about the concepts of personality which underly the type of adherence to values, he recognizes two presuppositions in the theory of the personality serving as the basis for the idea of values proposed by Francyne Goyer-Michaud : psychic economy leading to a reduction of tension, a completely Freudian concept, and a very sociological definition of the socialization process. What we have learned from the study of animal psychology, however, leads him to believe that everything cannot be explained by the search to reduce tension. We must therefore reach a theory of personality in which the attitude which an individual adopts towards a valued object is not dictated by the group nor by its sanction, but derives directly from the link that is established with the object he perceives to be a value.Finally, discussing the importance of this in its relation to criminology, he arrives at the three following conclusions : 1) the delinquent act cannot be looked upon as solely the breaking of a rule, but as the realization of a value — in this case the group, which is very demanding and requires submission. 2) Most of the time, delinquents show deficientattachment to values and that attachment is merely functional. 3) At the treatment level, in order to have delinquents adhere to true values, we must give them access to experiences that are significant and motivating.

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Section: C) L'énoncéunclassified

Section: A) L'étude Des Valeurs En Criminologieunclassified

Section: C) La Mesure Des Valeurs Motivantes Engendrées Par L'anxiétéunclassified

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Vers une nouvelle conception des valeurs

Goyer-Michaud¹,

Debuyst²

2006

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“…The idea of "youth" as a social category and "youth culture" as somehow distinct from the surrounding society's practices, understandings, and beliefs dates to the 1960s when North American and British social scientists became interested in drawing distinctions between cultures, subcultures, and "contracultures" (Yinger 1960, Schwartz & Merten 1967, Dorn 1969, Lewis 1976. Over time, the link between media, language, youth, and social change has become a taken-for-granted social fact (Bucholtz 2002).…”

Section: Youth Culture and Linguistic Frontiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Technologies and Language Change: Toward an Anthropology of Linguistic Frontiers

Cook

2004

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

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Research to date on the relationship between new communications technologies and language emphasizes linguistic and social differences between online and off-line interactions and the impact of global English on the non-English-speaking world. These studies conclude, for the most part, that computer-mediated communication reproduces the social, political, and economic relations that exist in the real world. Related areas of research, including ethnographies of global hip hop and studies of urban hybrid language varieties, offer important models for using anthropological approaches to advance our understanding of the interconnections and situated-ness, of language, new technologies, global media, and social change.

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“…Schmid (1960) presents six hypotheses, all containing 'a certain degree of empirical plausibility', and Mannheim (1965) reviews many more. Yet concepts as wide as delinquent subculture (Downes, 1966) and contraculture (Dorn, 1969) are patently dcficicnt. 'In the present state of knowledge', writes Radzinowicz (196l), *the very attempt to elucidate the causes of crime would be better put asidc.…”

Section: ~ Plicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatial Analysis of Crime and Delinquency

Scott¹

1972

Australian Geographical Studies

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A Partial Test of the Delinquency Continuum Typology: Contracultures and Subcultures

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Vers une nouvelle conception des valeurs

Vers une nouvelle conception des valeurs

New Technologies and Language Change: Toward an Anthropology of Linguistic Frontiers

The Spatial Analysis of Crime and Delinquency

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