A parsimonious geomorphological unit hydrograph for rainfall–runoff modelling in small ungauged basins

Grimaldi, Salvatore; Petroselli, Andrea; Nardi, Fernando

doi:10.1080/02626667.2011.636045

Cited by 124 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The channel velocities are usually larger than 1 m/s. This model, as illustrated in Figure 4, is analogous to the models proposed by Botter and Rinaldo (2003), Sangati et al (2009) and Grimaldi et al (2012). The SCS-CN method computes the excess rainfall P e according to the following equations:…”

Section: The Dem Based Hydrological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the differences between using LiDAR and contour-based DEMs for hydrological modeling of runoff generating debris flows in the Dolomites

2015

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Present work aims to explore the differences in hydrological modeling when using digital elevation models (DEMs) generated by points from LiDAR surveys and those digitized on the contour lines of the regional technical map (RTM) and their relevance for the simulation of debris flow triggering. Hydrological models for mountainous areas are usually based on DEMs. DEMs are used to determine the flow path from each pixel, by which the basin is discretized, to the outlet. Hydrological simulations of runoff that triggered debris flows occurred in two rocky headwater basins of Dolomites, Fiames Dimai (area approximately 0.03 km 2 ), and Cancia (area approximately 0.7 km 2 ) are carried out using a DEM-based model designed for simulating runoff that descends from headwater areas. For each basin, the runoff is simulated using DEMs that are generated using points from LiDAR, and those digitized on the contour lines of the regional technical map, respectively. The results show that the peak discharge values corresponding to the simulations carried out using the LiDAR-based DEMs are higher than those corresponding to the simulations carried out using the RTM-based DEMs. Larger differences are observed for the Dimai basin, where the area corresponding to the RTM-based DEM is markedly smaller than the area corresponding to LiDAR-based DEM, whereas for the Cancia basin, the two areas are similar. Both the differences in the peak discharge and the basin area are due to the poor accuracy of the contour-based DEM (i.e., elevation accuracy), that is, a poor representation of the morphological features that leads to errors on the watershed divide and simplifications of the flow paths from each cell to the outlet. This result is highly relevant for estimating the triggering conditions of runoff generated debris flows. An incorrect simulated value of peak discharge can lead to errors both in planning countermeasures against debris flows and in predicting their occurrence.

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Section: The Dem Based Hydrological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the differences between using LiDAR and contour-based DEMs for hydrological modeling of runoff generating debris flows in the Dolomites

2015

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“…The rainfall excess is then determined using a mixed Green-Ampt (GA) curve number (CN) model that was recently proposed by the authors (CN4GA, Grimaldi et al 2013aGrimaldi et al , 2013b. The rainfall-runoff transformation is carried out using a geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph, named WFIUH1par, that was recently proposed (Grimaldi et al 2012b) and was further adapted in this study for fully ungauged basins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do we still need the Rational Formula? An alternative empirical procedure for peak discharge estimation in small and ungauged basins

Grimaldi

Petroselli

2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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1Dipartimento per la innovazione nei sistemi biologici, agroalimentari e forestali (Abstract The Rational Formula is the most applied equation in practical hydrology due to its simplicity and the effective compromise between theory and data availability. Although the Rational Formula has several drawbacks, it is reliable and surprisingly accurate considering the paucity of input information. However, after more than a century, the recent progress in computational ability, theory and large-scale monitoring compel us to try to suggest a more advanced yet still empirical procedure for estimating peak discharge in small and ungauged basins. In this paper, an alternative empirical procedure is described and discussed, and then a discussion as to whether the Rational Formula is still necessary is presented. The presented methodology integrates the three standard steps of the common event-based approach (design hyetograph, rainfall excess and rainfall-runoff transformation) accurately adapted for application with a lack of observed data. The proposed procedure requires the same input information as necessary for application of the Rational Formula (soil properties, intensity-duration-frequency rainfall curves and T c ) and provides both the peak discharge and the design hydrograph shape and, most importantly, reduces the subjectivity of the hydrologist in its application.Avons-nous encore besoin de la formule rationnelle ? Une méthode empirique alternative pour l'estimation du débit de pointe dans les petits bassins et les bassins non jaugés Résumé La formule rationnelle est l'équation la plus appliquée en hydrologie pratique en raison de sa simplicité et d'un bon compromis entre la théorie et la disponibilité des données. Bien que la formule rationnelle soit affectée par plusieurs inconvénients, elle est fiable et étonnamment précise compte-tenu du peu d'information utilisée en entrée. Cependant, après plus d'un siècle, les récents progrès des moyens de calcul, des développements théoriques et du suivi à grande échelle nous amènent à proposer une procédure plus avancée, bien qu'encore empirique, pour estimer le débit de pointe dans les petits bassins et les bassins non jaugés. Dans cet article, nous décrivons et discutons cette méthode empirique alternative, puis nous discutons de la pertinence actuelle de la formule rationnelle. La méthodologie présentée intègre les trois étapes classiques de l'approche événementielle habituelle (hyétogramme de projet, pluie excédentaire et transformation pluie-débit) spécialement adaptées à une application dans le cas d'un manque de données observées. La procédure proposée requiert les mêmes informations d'entrée que la formule rationnelle (propriétés du sol, courbes intensité-durée-fréquence des précipitations et T c ), fournit à le débit de pointe et la forme de l'hydrogramme de projet mais, surtout, réduit la subjectivité de l'hydrologue dans son application.Mots clefs Formule rationnelle ; approche événementielle ; hydrogramme de projet ; WFIUH ; débit de pointe ; bassin non jaug...

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“…In the hydrological literature, DEMs have more often been adopted for network extraction, e.g. Peucker and Douglas (1975), Mark (1984), O'Callaghan and Mark (1984), Jenson (1985), Band (1986Band ( , 1989, Jenson and Domingue (1988), Morris and Heerdegen (1988), Fairfield and Leymarie (1991), Freeman (1991), Quinn et al (1991), Tarboton et al (1991), Tribe (1991Tribe ( , 1992, Chorowicz et al (1992), Lee (1998), Bhadra et al (2008), Nardi et al (2008), Nourani et al (2009), Sarkar andRai (2011) and Grimaldi et al (2010Grimaldi et al ( , 2012.…”

Section: Applications Of Dems For Giuh-based Hydrological Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flat area removal and FD algorithms were applied and a physically based DEM correction model was developed by Nardi et al (2008) for investigating their influence on the topological properties of the channel network, the Hortonian parameters and the hillslope width function. More recently, Grimaldi et al (2012) applied different flow routing algorithms and approaches for hydrological PUB. Moore et al (1996) introduced different algorithms to extract catchments from a DEM.…”

Section: Applications Of Dems For Giuh-based Hydrological Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, the WF and re-scaled WF-based IUH models (WFIUH) ( Table 2) have been developed for prediction in ungauged basins. In this regard, the parsimonious WFIUH (WFIUH1par) model of Grimaldi et al (2012) has only one parameter, i.e. channel flow velocity and can be specifically useful for synthetic design-hydrograph estimation in small and ungauged basins (SUB).…”

Section: Summary Of the Suh Models/ Approaches Referred To In This Rementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review of the synthetic unit hydrograph: from the empirical UH to advanced geomorphological methods

Singh

Mishra

Jain

2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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A parsimonious geomorphological unit hydrograph for rainfall–runoff modelling in small ungauged basins

Cited by 124 publications

References 33 publications

Comparative analysis of the differences between using LiDAR and contour-based DEMs for hydrological modeling of runoff generating debris flows in the Dolomites

Comparative analysis of the differences between using LiDAR and contour-based DEMs for hydrological modeling of runoff generating debris flows in the Dolomites

Do we still need the Rational Formula? An alternative empirical procedure for peak discharge estimation in small and ungauged basins

A review of the synthetic unit hydrograph: from the empirical UH to advanced geomorphological methods

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