A Parallel Radix-4 Fast Fourier Transform Computer

Corinthios, M.J.; Smith, K.C.; Yen, J. L.

doi:10.1109/t-c.1975.224085

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition to the preceding analogue techniques, digital FFT processors [58] are developing rapidly. 1024-point FFTs using state-of-the-art (16 x 16)-bit digital multipliers can be designed with 5 MHz real-time complex bandwidths for small-quantity prices approaching £5000.…”

Section: Digital Fast Fourier Transforms (Fft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, utimately, there will be strong competition with the SAW and IMCON compressive receivers, see Table 5. Table 5 specifies the likely current performance for a multiplexed radix-4 [58] FFT. Increased speed (bandwidth) can be obtained with fully pipelined structures [59], but cost and power consumption become much less competitive with SAW compressive receiver designs.…”

Section: Digital Fast Fourier Transforms (Fft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introduction to electronic warfare

Grant

Collins

1982

IEE Proc. F Commun. Radar Signal Process. UK

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The paper discusses the overall concept of electronic warfare (EW) and defines its three main subsets: electronic support measures (ESM), electronic countermeasures (ECM) and electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM). The requirements for ESM receivers are reviewed in the context of two specific scenarios: that of intelligence gathering for communications and radar. The different current ESM receiver designs for measuring the presence and frequency of pulsed radar signals, i.e. crystal video, instantaneous-frequency measurement (IFM) and scanning superheterodyne, are described and compared to show their capabilities. Specific ESM receiver equipments for identifying bearing and frequency information are discussed for both the communications and radar scenarios. In comparison, the significance of the new receiver architectures based on surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) channelised, compressive and acousto-optic Bragg cells are also discussed, illustrating their enhanced multiple-signal capability. The paper subsequently discusses active and passive EW techniques such as the use of jamming and chaff and the importance of integrating the ESM receiver and active ECM function into a single equipment. Finally, the paper reports on the use of ECCM coding techniques to retain use of the spectrum when jammers are present in radar and communications systems. The use of adaptive signal processing for cancelling out wide-and narrowband interference is also demonstrated. This outlines the relative significance and areas of application for adaptive antennas, based on fully phased arrays and coherent sidelobe cancellers.

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Section: Digital Fast Fourier Transforms (Fft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Digital Fast Fourier Transforms (Fft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to electronic warfare

Grant

Collins

1982

IEE Proc. F Commun. Radar Signal Process. UK

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“…Corinthios [20,21,22] has used the formalism of Pease to implement an algorithm (previously noted by Cochran, Cooley, et. ale [16]) which does not produce the output in bit reversed order.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wlog N r rOp (22) cycles. As noted in section 3.1 a factor of 4 is gained in processing speed for each factor of 2 increase in radix.…”

Section: Perfect Shuffle Data Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Fourier-transform parallel processor

Greenberg¹

1980

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“…A popular method of investigation is based on frequency analysis of rotating machines (Brock et al, 2016;Han et al, 2022;Łuczak, 2021;Miletic et al, 2022;Peeters et al, 2018;Pindoriya et al, 2018;Ramteke et al, 2022;Strakosch et al, 2021;Wszołek et al, 2020). The option that is mostly used is the fast Fourier transform (FFT) based on the radix-2 (Cooley and Tukey, 1965) or radix-4 algorithm (Corinthios et al, 1975); however, very often, there is no information available concerning the question which FFT algorithm has been employed (Duda et al, 2021;Gong and Deng, 2022). The limitation of FFT analysis is the length of time window.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Vibrations Analysis in Direct Drive Using CWT with Complex Morlet Wavelet

Łuczak

2023

Power Electronics and Drives

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Modern industrial process and household equipment more often use direct drives. According to European policy, Industry 4.0 and new Industry 5.0 need to undertake the effort required to ensure a sustainable, human-centric, and resilient European industry. One of the main problems of rotating machines is mechanical vibrations that can limit the lifetime of the final product or the machine in which they are applied. Therefore, analysis of vibration in electrical drives is crucial for appropriate maintenance of the machine. The present article undertakes an analysis of vibration measured at the laboratory stand with multiple dominant frequencies in the range 50–500 Hz. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) gives information about the frequency component without its time localisation. While the solution made available by the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is able to overcome the problem of FFT, it still has limitations, particularly in terms of there being a lacuna in time and frequency localisation; accordingly, the need is felt for other methods that can give a good localisation in time and frequency. In the article, the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) was investigated, which requires selection of the wavelet function (kernel of transformation). The complex Morlet wavelet was selected with description of its central frequency and bandwidth. CWT and STFT time-frequency localisation capabilities were compared to investigate data registered from the direct-drive laboratory stand. CWT gives better frequency localisation than STFT even for the same frequency resolution. Vibration frequencies with near-locations were separated in CWT and STFT joined them into one wide pick. To ensure a good extraction of frequency features in electric drive systems, the author, based on analysing the results of the present study, recommends that CWT with complex Morlet wavelet be used instead of STFT.

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A Parallel Radix-4 Fast Fourier Transform Computer

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Introduction to electronic warfare

Introduction to electronic warfare

Ultrafast Fourier-transform parallel processor

Mechanical Vibrations Analysis in Direct Drive Using CWT with Complex Morlet Wavelet

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