A parabolic-trough collector for cleaner industrial process heat

Fernández-García, Aranzazú; Rojas, Esther; García, Manuel Pérez; Silva, Ricardo; Hernández-Escobedo, Quetzalcoatl; Manzano‐Agugliaro, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.11.018

Cited by 106 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…[8] A clear synergy between CSP and desalination can be seen, with the seawater acting as a cold reservoir for the CSP's Rankine cycle, and the cycle's condenser acting as a low-cost thermal energy source for the MED process, in a cogeneration-like fashion. Similar configurations have been proposed with combined cycles [9], nuclear reactors [10], and more recently with low-enthalpy renewable energies such as geothermal [11] and solar [12,13], combined with Organic Rankine Cycles [14] and in hybrid polygeneration facilities [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Synergies of solar energy use in the desalination of seawater: A case study in northern Chile

Servert¹,

Cerrajero²,

Fuentealba

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Thermophysical properties and corrosion characterization of low cost lithium containing nitrate salts produced in northern Chile for thermal energy storage AIP Conference Proceedings 1734, 050014 (2016) Abstract. The mining industry is a great consumer of water for hydrometallurgical processes. Despite the efforts in minimizing the use of fresh water through reuse, recycling and process intensification, water demand for mining is expected to rise a 40% from 2013 to 2020. For seawater to be an alternative to groundwater, it must be pumped up to the mine (thousands of meters uphill) and desalinated. These processes require intensive energy and investment in desalination and piping/pumping facilities. A conventional solution for this process would be desalination by reverse osmosis at sea level, powered by electricity from the grid, and further pumping of the desalinated water uphill. This paper compares the feasibility of two solar technologies versus the "conventional" option. LCOW (Levelized Cost of Water) was used as a comparative indicator among the studied solutions, with values for a lifetime of 10, 15, 20 and 25 years, calculated using a real discount rate equal to 12%. The LCOW is lower in all cases for the RO + grid solution. The cost of desalination, ignoring the contribution of pumping, is similar for the three technologies from twenty years of operation. The use of solar energy to desalinate sea water for consumption in the mines of the Atacama region is technically feasible. However, due to the extra costs from pumping whole seawater, and not just the desalinated water, solar solutions are less competitive than the conventional process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Synergies of solar energy use in the desalination of seawater: A case study in northern Chile

Servert¹,

Cerrajero²,

Fuentealba

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…As the temperature requirements of IPH applications range from 60 • C to 260 • C [3], concentrating solar thermal systems are becoming essential for covering such thermal energy demand with renewable energies [4]. These small-sized concentrating solar thermal systems (including small-sized parabolic-trough collectors, PTC, compound parabolic concentrators, CPC, and solar cookers) are also important for the thermal energy supply in sustainable cities, isolated locations and rural areas, covering applications such as for solar cooking [5,6], domestic hot water, space heating, pumping irrigation water, desalination and water treatment [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aluminum reflectors present some advantages respect to silvered glass reflectors, such as a high formability, lightweight properties and a cost reduction potential [14]. These properties make aluminum mirrors the most suitable type for designing and manufacturing small-sized concentrating solar collectors [4]. The drawbacks are lower initial reflectance values and higher scattering compared to silvered glass mirrors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Degradation on Aluminum Reflectors for Solar Collectors due to Outdoor Exposure and Accelerated Aging

Wette¹,

Sutter²,

Fernández-García

et al. 2016

Energies

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Abstract:Reflectors for concentrated solar thermal technologies need to withstand 20 or even 30 years of outdoor exposure without significant loss of solar specular reflectance. In order to test the durability of innovative reflectors within a shorter period of time, an accelerated aging methodology is required. The problem with accelerated testing is that poor correlation between laboratory and field test results has been achieved in the past. This is mainly because unrealistic degradation mechanisms are accelerated in the weathering chambers. In order to define a realistic testing procedure, a high number of accelerated aging tests have been performed on differently coated aluminum reflectors. The degradation mechanisms of the accelerated tests have been classified and systematically compared to samples that have been exposed at nine different exposure sites outdoors. Besides the standardized aging tests, innovative aging procedures have been developed in such way that the agreement to the degradation pattern observed outdoors is increased. Although degradation depends on materials and location, five generic degradation mechanisms were detected. Standardized tests only reproduced one or two of the five mechanisms detected outdoors. Additionally, several degradation effects that were not observed outdoors appeared. The innovative accelerated aging tests of artificially soiled samples were able to reproduce three of the five mechanisms observed outdoors, presenting a much more realistic overall degradation pattern.

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“…A parabolic solar concentrator prototype has been built by other researchers [12,13]. Temperatures above 200 °C and pressures up to 12 kg/cm 2 could be achieved experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperatures above 200 °C and pressures up to 12 kg/cm 2 could be achieved experimentally. Higher temperature and pressure could have been achieved, but errors associated with the shape of the parabolic surface existed [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a Standalone, Portable Steam Generator Driven by a Solar Concentrator

2015

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Solar energy is a good solution for energy-deficiency problems, especially in regions such as rural areas in the Middle East that have not been electrified yet or are under electrification. In this paper, with the aid of a Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation, we propose a system that comprises a trough solar concentrator and a pipe-with flowing water-that is set in the concentrator focus. The aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility of generating steam from such a system as well as analyzing the generated steam quantitatively and qualitatively. Effects of variation of solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, water flow rate and pipe diameter on the quantity and quality of the generated steam have been investigated. The results show that a quantity of about 130 kg of steam could be generated per day with a 0.01 m diameter with 0.0042 kg/s flowing water, although qualitatively, a narrower pipe achieves better performance than a wider one. About 74 kg of daily accumulated steam mass with a temperature >423 K could be achieved for a 0.005 m diameter tube compared to about 50 kg for the 0.01 m diameter tube. Steam quality factor is higher at all flow rates for the 0.005 m diameter tube compared to that of 0.01 m.

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A parabolic-trough collector for cleaner industrial process heat

Cited by 106 publications

References 38 publications

Synergies of solar energy use in the desalination of seawater: A case study in northern Chile

Synergies of solar energy use in the desalination of seawater: A case study in northern Chile

Comparison of Degradation on Aluminum Reflectors for Solar Collectors due to Outdoor Exposure and Accelerated Aging

Simulation of a Standalone, Portable Steam Generator Driven by a Solar Concentrator

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