A palmitoyltransferase Approximated gene Bm‐app regulates wing development in Bombyx mori

Yu, Ye; Liu, Xiaojing; Ma, Xiao; Zhang, Zhongjie; Wang, Tai-Chu; Sun, Fan; Hou, Chengxiang; Li, Muwang

doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12629

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Yu et al . have identified a palmitoyltransferase ( Bm‐app ) which was upstream of the Hippo pathway, as the candidate gene for the mutant (Yu et al ., ). Their research has proposed that the depletion of Bm‐app would cause regulatory confusion of the Hippo pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…() confirmed that BmCHSA‐2b is necessary for wing development in the B. mori mid‐pupa. The minute wing mutant ( Bm‐mw ) in silkworm was mapped to a 275 kb region on chromosome 22 between marker T2272 and the end of nscaf3056 (Ma et al ., ), and a palmitoyltransferase approximated gene ( Bm‐app ) was identified as the candidate gene for the Bm‐mw mutant (Yu et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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BmSd gene regulates the silkworm wing size by affecting the Hippo pathway

Yin

Zhang

et al. 2019

Insect Science

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Insect wings are developed from the wing disc during metamorphosis. Bombyx mori, a model lepidopteran insect, loses flight ability after long-term domestication from the wild silkworm, Bombyx mandarina. The mw mutant (u11 strain) shows minute wings compared to wild type (e.g., p50 strain) wings. RNA sequencing analysis previously revealed differential Hippo-pathway-related gene expression between the u11 and p50 strains. The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade that controls organ size during development in animals. In this study, the function of BmSd which has been characterized as one of the Hippo-pathway-related genes was analyzed for silkworm wing development. We found that mats, warts, and hippo expression levels were higher in u11 compared to p50 wing discs. BmSd (scalloped) expression, which encodes a prominent transcriptional partner to Yorkie (Yki), gradually decreased during the wandering stage in u11, but exhibited the opposite expression pattern in p50. When BmSd was knocked down by small interfering RNA during the wandering stage in the p50 strain, 57.9% of the individuals showed minute wings. Additionally, ex, kibra, and wingless expression levels decreased in the BmSd knockdown mutant. Further, BmSd deletion mediated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR-associated protein 9 induced 50% of individuals with minute wings, a phenotype similar to the mw mutant. This result demonstrates that BmSd plays pivotal roles in silkworm wing development. Our results show that the Hippo signaling pathway participates and plays crucial roles in the regulation of silkworm wing development, and our findings provide a basis for further research on B. mori wing development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

BmSd gene regulates the silkworm wing size by affecting the Hippo pathway

Yin

Zhang

et al. 2019

Insect Science

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“…The BmN cells derived from the silkworm ovary were cultured in TC-100 (AppliChem, Gatersleben, Germany) that contained 10% ( v/v ) fetal bovine serum (FBS; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and 1% double-antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin) at 28 °C [ 24 ]. The siRNA and overexpression vector of Bmapaf-1 were transfected into BmN cells using the Neofect TM DNA transfection reagent (NEOFECT, Beijing, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bmapaf-1 is Involved in the Response against BmNPV Infection by the Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway

Wang

Ding

Chen

et al. 2020

Insects

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Discovery of the anti-BmNPV (Bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrovirus) silkworm strain suggests that some kind of antiviral molecular mechanism does exist but is still unclear. Apoptosis, as an innate part of the immune system, plays an important role in the response against pathogen infections and may be involved in the anti-BmNPV infection. Several candidate genes involved in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were identified from our previous study. Bombyx mori apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 (Bmapaf-1) was one of them, but the antiviral mechanism is still unclear. In this study, sequences of BmApaf-1 were characterized. It was found to contain a unique transposase_1 functional domain and share high CARD and NB-ARC domains with other species. Relatively high expression levels of Bmapaf-1 were found at key moments of embryonic development, metamorphosis, and reproductive development. Further, the significant difference in expression of Bmapaf-1 in different tissues following virus infection indicated its close relationship with BmNPV, which was further validated by RNAi and overexpression in BmN cells. Briefly, infection of budded virus with enhanced green fluorescent protein (BV-EGFP) was significantly inhibited at 72 h after overexpression of Bmapaf-1, which was confirmed after knockdown of Bmapaf-1 with siRNA. Moreover, the downstream genes of Bmapaf-1, including Bmnedd2-like caspase (BmNc) and Bmcaspase-1 (Bmcas-1), were upregulated after overexpression of Bmapaf-1 in BmN cells, which was consistent with the RNAi results. Furthermore, the phenomenon of Bmapaf-1 in response to BmNPV infection was determined to be related to apoptosis using the apoptosis inducer NSC348884 and inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK. Therefore, Bmapaf-1 is involved in the response against BmNPV infection by the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. This result provides valuable data for clarifying the anti-BmNPV mechanism of silkworms and breeding of resistant silkworm strains.

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“…Bmel-1/Bmel-2 knockout by CRISPR/Cas9. Two single guide RNAs (sgRNA) were designed for Bmel-1 and Bmel-2, respectively, and expressed using plasmid pBac[IE1-DsRe-d2-U6-sgRNA] (U6-sgRNA) as previously described (Yin et al, 2019;Yu et al, 2020). sgRNA sequences are listed in Table S1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biological characters of Bmelav‐like genes in the development of Bombyx mori

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2020

Insect Molecular Biology

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The ELAV/Hu family is a conserved multigene family of pan‐neuronal RNA‐binding protein involved in post‐transcriptional regulation in metazoans. In Drosophila, three members of this family, ELAV, RBP9 and FNE, are involved in neuronal differentiation, gene expression regulation and so on. This family is less well characterized in Bombyx mori. Two orthologs BmELAV‐like‐1 (BmEL‐1) and BmELAV‐like‐2 (BmEL‐2) share 55%–71% and 47%–62% identity with that of in Drosophila and humans, respectively. Bmel‐1 is ubiquitously expressed while Bmel‐2 is expressed in the head and ovaries specifically. Proteins encoded by both genes are localized in nuclear and cytoplasm. The weight of body, cocoon, pupae and cocoon shell are differently affected in Bmel‐1−/−2− mutants created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Mutations of both genes increase the expression of four silk protein genes, Fib‐L, Fib‐H, P25 and Ser‐1. In addition, the oviposition ability of Bmel‐2− females is decreased. This study not only provides valuable insights into the functional roles of Bmelav‐like genes in the growth, cocoon characters and regulation of silk protein genes expression, but also provides useful information for silkworm variety breeding.

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A palmitoyltransferase Approximated gene Bm‐app regulates wing development in Bombyx mori

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

BmSd gene regulates the silkworm wing size by affecting the Hippo pathway

BmSd gene regulates the silkworm wing size by affecting the Hippo pathway

Bmapaf-1 is Involved in the Response against BmNPV Infection by the Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway

The biological characters of Bmelav‐like genes in the development of Bombyx mori

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