A numerical study of large‐scale ionospheric modulation due to the thermal process by powerful wave heating

Zhou, Chen; Ni, Binbin; Wang, Xiang; Liu, Moran; Xu, Xiang; Wang, Chen; Shi, Run; Gu, Xudong; Zhang, Yuannong; Zhao, Zhengyu

doi:10.1002/2016ja022355

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…The large‐scale ionospheric modulations have been revealed by in situ plasma parameters from ISL and IAP instruments on board DEMETER at the altitude of 670 km in local nighttime. The relative variations of the observed N e and T e are compared with the simulation results by using the three‐dimensional ionospheric heating model of Zhou et al []. The main conclusions are summarized as follows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma perturbations HF‐induced in the topside ionosphere

et al. 2016

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Three plasma perturbations induced by SURA HF (high‐frequency) heating have been selected and analyzed in detail with the DEMETER satellite observing data by instruments of Langmuir probe and ion analyzer. Some common features are revealed, such as (1) electron density and electron temperature both increased during the heating period; (2) both O+ density and ion temperature also increased generally, while H+ varied negatively with O+ density; (3) the ions were accelerated in upward and northward directions, resulting from the thermal pressure gradient, which also caused the variations in ULF (ultralow‐frequency) electric field due to trueV⇀×trueB⇀ effects; and (4) the simulation results verify the electron density and temperature enhancement at the topside ionosphere due to the ohmic heating process and thermal self‐focusing instability over the heating region, which is consistent with the observing phenomena by the DEMETER satellite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To further understand the HF heating mechanism, we carried out corresponding numerical simulations based on a three-dimensional ionospheric heating model [Zhou et al, 2016]. We also note that all the reported three ionospheric heating experiments are the O-mode overdense heating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma perturbations HF‐induced in the topside ionosphere

et al. 2016

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“…This investigation provides evidence for the existence of a non-Maxwellian distribution of the electrons in the heated region. Zhou C et al (2016) present a three-dimensional numerical model of large-scale ionospheric electron density and temperature modulation by powerful electromagnetic waves, by incorporating the transport equations and the three-dimensional ray-tracing algorithm. Thermal processes play important roles in the ionospheric electron density/temperature modulation and large-scale FAI generation.…”

Section: Radio Wave Propagation In the Ionospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese ionospheric investigations in 2016–2017

Liu

Wan

2018

Earth and Planetary Physics

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After the release of the previous report to the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) on progress achieved by Chinese scientists in ionospheric researches (Liu LB and Wan WX, 2016), in the recent two years (2016–2017) many interesting new investigations into various ionospheric related issues have been completed. In this report, about 100 publications are summarized. The topics highlighted are as follows: Ionospheric space weather, ionospheric dynamics, ionospheric climatology and modelling, ionospheric irregularity and scintillation, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) related ionospheric issues and other techniques, and radio wave propagation in the ionosphere. An outstanding feature is that more and more observations from the Meridional Project supported the ionospheric investigations.

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“…In particular, the “downshifted peak” (DP) and “upshifted peak” (UP) are the important components of SEE, which are narrow emissions below or above 1–3 kHz from the carrier frequency ( f DP / UP = 1–3 kHz) (T. B. Leyser et al., 1989). In addition, other phenomena such as the large‐scale changes of the electron temperature and density (Fang et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2016), airglow enhancement (P. A. Bernhardt et al., 1988), artificial field‐aligned irregularities (FAIs) (Blagoveshchenskaya et al., 2011) are all ascribed directly or indirectly to the generation of PDI. In actual HF heating experiments, the effective radiated powers (ERPs) must exceed a critical threshold to excite the PDI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leyser et al, 1989). In addition, other phenomena such as the large-scale changes of the electron temperature and density (Fang et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2016), airglow enhancement (P. A. Bernhardt et al, 1988), artificial field-aligned irregularities (FAIs) (Blagoveshchenskaya et al, 2011) are all ascribed directly or indirectly to the generation of PDI.…”

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Laboratory Evidence of a Pre‐Existing Instability That Can Enhance the Ionospheric Heating Efficiency

Ling

Lei

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Ionospheric heating by high-power high-frequency (HF) waves has been widely recognized as a powerful tool to modify the ionosphere (P. Bernhardt et al., 2010). Such modifications have practical applications in the radio-communications and the regulation of high energy electrons to protect spacecraft in geospace. On the other hand, interactions between the injected electromagnetic (EM) waves and the ionosphere can effectively turn the ionosphere into a plasma laboratory without walls, to explore fundamental physical processes of plasma in the near-Earth space environment. Therefore, since the 1970s, the heating experiments by ground-based powerful HF facilities sprang up all over the world, such as the Arecibo, EISCAT, SUDA and HAARP (Gordon & Carlson, 1974;Rietveld et al., 2000). Numerous scientific observations have been obtained with these facilities, along with theoretical explanations which have been commonly accepted (Rietveld et al., 2016;Streltsov et al., 2018).The parametric decay instability (PDI) is one of the most fundamental and predominant physical processes generated in the ionospheric heating experiment, which can convert the ground-transmitted incident pump wave into another high-frequency-wave mode (EM or electrostatic wave) and a low-frequency-wave mode (Fejer, 1979;Gurevich, 2007;Robinson, 1989;Wang et al., 2016). As consequences of energy and momentum conservation, these waves must allow frequency and wavenumber matching relations, that is, f H ± f L = f pump , k H ± k L = k pump , where the subscripts H, L, and pump refer to the high-frequency-wave mode, the simultaneous low-frequency-wave mode, and the incident pump wave, respectively. f is the

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A numerical study of large‐scale ionospheric modulation due to the thermal process by powerful wave heating

Cited by 9 publications

References 83 publications

Plasma perturbations HF‐induced in the topside ionosphere

Plasma perturbations HF‐induced in the topside ionosphere

Chinese ionospheric investigations in 2016–2017

Laboratory Evidence of a Pre‐Existing Instability That Can Enhance the Ionospheric Heating Efficiency

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