1998
DOI: 10.1016/s0045-7825(97)00162-x
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A numerical model of passive and active behavior of skeletal muscles

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Cited by 172 publications
(196 citation statements)
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“…The model is derived by applying fundamental principles in mechanics and the active force does not rely on direct multiplication of the isometric stress by experimentally motivated functions; an approach used in many other studies, e.g., Martins et al (1998), Johansson et al (2000), and Liang et al (2006). The active force is instead given by a set of nonlinear equations obtained from a virtual power balance and the dissipation inequality.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The model is derived by applying fundamental principles in mechanics and the active force does not rely on direct multiplication of the isometric stress by experimentally motivated functions; an approach used in many other studies, e.g., Martins et al (1998), Johansson et al (2000), and Liang et al (2006). The active force is instead given by a set of nonlinear equations obtained from a virtual power balance and the dissipation inequality.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(1). Despite its simplicity, this model is able to explain most of the active properties and is still used in some studies (Fung 1993 andMartins et al 1998), or has served as a base for more refined models (Zajac 1989, Meijer et al 1998, and Ettema and Meijer 2000.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since the pelvic floor is very thin (approximately 2mm), the 3D model developed in [14] for the active and passive behavior of the muscle has been modified in accordance to the theory of shells. The Cauchy stress for the 3D material is given as…”
Section: Physical Muscle Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These models have allowed to simulate successfully complex human movements [4]. However, more recently, the simulation of 3D muscles models is being considered [14,15]. Our approach assumes that the strain energy is stored isotropically in the material as well as in the direction of the muscle fibers:…”
Section: Active Muscle Contractionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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