A numerical model for estimation of water droplet size in the anode channel of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Mohammadzadeh, Kazem; Kaldehi, Bahare Jahani; Jazmi, Ramin; Khaleghi, Hassan; Maddahian, Reza; Shirani, Ebrahim

doi:10.1016/j.est.2019.101021

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Three spherical water droplets from the condensation are placed on the top surface of the channel. Droplet sizes in this study are estimated using the results of a 2D PEMFC model along the channel [14,15] at working condition of current density 0.5 A cm −2 , working temperature 50 °C, hydrogen stoichiometry ratio 2, and relative humidity 66%. In this model, after calculating the distribution of liquid water saturation (s), the total volume of produced water from condensation in the anode channel can be computed by integrating the distribution of liquid water saturation in the anode channel using Eq.…”

Section: Problem Statement and Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the time-averaged pressure drop ( ΔP ) in the channel in the time interval t 0 to t can be calculated from Eq. (14). Minimizing the time-averaged pressure drop is one of the (12)…”

Section: Pressure Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the effects of working conditions of the PEMFC on the amount of produced water on the walls of the anode gas GFC were numerically investigated by Mohammadzadeh et al [14]. Based on the distribution of the saturated liquid water due to condensation on the walls of the anode channel, the size of produced water droplets was estimated using a 2D along-the-channel model [15] and a correlation for the produced water droplet size in the anode GFC as a function of the working parameters of a PEMFC was proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is of great importance to consider the droplet size distribution close to reality for realistic simulation of water management issue in both anode and cathode sides of PEMFC. In the present study, the size of produced water droplets is estimated using a 2D along-thechannel model [14]. Subsequently, by considering more accurate droplets distribution in terms of size, the droplet dynamics in the anode channel is investigated for three droplets and is compared to that of a single droplet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Numerical investigation of anode channel clogging of a PEMFC with a realistic droplet size distribution

Mohammadzadeh

Khaleghi

Maddahian

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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In this paper, a parametric study of anode channel clogging of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is presented using the numerical volume of fluid method. The droplet size distribution in the present research is considered close to reality. Therefore, three droplets with different sizes are initially placed on the anode channel wall. The droplet sizes are obtained based on the distribution of the saturated liquid water along the whole channel under a specific working condition and the amount of condensed water in the channel, using the PEMFC code. Finally, the dynamic behavior of the droplets is investigated and compared to that of a single droplet with the same total volume. Numerical results show that, in the case of three droplets, the droplets coalesce during the removal time and form a larger droplet. Also, the droplets gradually spread over the channel walls and eventually reach the upper corners of the channel and form liquid slugs. Then, the slugs move slowly toward the channel outlet, and after a while, their shapes and positions are fixed and cause the channel clogging. Changing the number of droplets does not significantly change the time of channel clogging. The numerical results show that the time-averaged pressure drop of three droplets is about 85% less than that of a single droplet.

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Section: Problem Statement and Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pressure Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Numerical investigation of anode channel clogging of a PEMFC with a realistic droplet size distribution

Mohammadzadeh

Khaleghi

Maddahian

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

Self Cite

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“…A Fortran code was used to solve the governing equations. They found that increasing current density has an insignificant effect on the droplet size [9]. Wang et al investigated the impacts of RH levels on the cell performance, liquid water saturation distribution, and membrane water content with the multiphase, three-dimensional PEM-FC model for the counterflow and co-flow patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CFD Modeling Study Based on Relative Humidity Effect on PEMFC Performance

Özdemir

Taymaz

2021

International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology

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Water management is a crucial parameter that significantly affects the uniform distributions of current density and cell voltage, durability, and working life of the fuel cell. In this investigation, three dimensional steady model was proposed for Z-type and U-type geometry and numerical simulations were fulfilled using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ANSYS FLUENT to investigate the impact of reactant humidification on cell performance and water manage-ment. CFD results were shown on polarization and power curves to observe the relative humidity (RH) effect on maximum power point tracking. The results demonstrated that cell performance could be improved significantly by decreas-ing RH of the cathode inlet gas from 100 to 10% at high current densities. In-creasing RH of the anode gas inlet from 10 to 100% at low operating voltages re-sulted in a superior performance. It was noted that convenient humidification of the reactant was essential.

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Numerical investigation of water droplet behavior in anode channel of a PEM fuel cell with partial blockage

et al. 2020

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A numerical model for estimation of water droplet size in the anode channel of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Numerical investigation of anode channel clogging of a PEMFC with a realistic droplet size distribution

Numerical investigation of anode channel clogging of a PEMFC with a realistic droplet size distribution

A CFD Modeling Study Based on Relative Humidity Effect on PEMFC Performance

Numerical investigation of water droplet behavior in anode channel of a PEM fuel cell with partial blockage

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