A Numerical Investigation on the Potentials of Water Injection to Increase Knock Resistance and Reduce Fuel Consumption in Highly Downsized GDI Engines

Berni, Fabio; Breda, Sebastiano; Lugli, Mattia; Cantore, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.091

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Totala et al [2013] observed a reduction of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions when a water/ methanol mixture was introduced to the gasoline engine. Berni et al [2015] confirmed theoretically the effect of water/fuel mixture percentage on the engine knock resistance. The study on the effect of intake manifold water injection was performed by Tauzia et al [2010].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Use of Water Injection Technique to Improve the Combustion Efficiency of the Spark-Ignition Engine: A Model Study

Borowski¹,

Ghazal²

2019

J. Ecol. Eng.

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In the paper, the effect of water injection and different air/fuel ratio on the gasoline engine performance and emissions was investigated theoretically. A four cylinder SI engine model was built using GT-Power professional software. The gasoline fuel was injected directly to the cylinder and water was injected into the intake manifold with different mass flow rate. The calculated engine parameters were: cylinder pressure and temperature, brake torque, brake power, mean effective pressure, thermal efficiency, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and nitrogen oxide emissions. The results of simulations show that the increased water mass flow rate resulted in an improved engine performance and decreased emissions compared to neat gasoline fuel. However, we found that the excessive increase of the water amount inside the cylinder resulted in a deteriorated engine performance and, consequently, poor combustion efficiency.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Use of Water Injection Technique to Improve the Combustion Efficiency of the Spark-Ignition Engine: A Model Study

Borowski¹,

Ghazal²

2019

J. Ecol. Eng.

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“…Tabulated kinetics for ignition (TKI) coupled with the extended coherent flamelet combustion model (ECFM) it is shown to provide high accuracy in predicting knock frequency and intensity. However, RANS is still the method of choice for large number of design space explorations [7,11,[13][14][15][16]. Some authors are proposing new advanced models with presumed probability distribution functions to include knock statistics upfront in RANS [14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors are proposing new advanced models with presumed probability distribution functions to include knock statistics upfront in RANS [14,15]. More simply, Berni et al [13] coupled a TKI model to the ECFM flame propagation model, to study water injection effects in a boosted V8 engine with satisfactory results. Similarly, in order to decouple auto-ignition and flame propagation, Chevillard et al [16] proposed a computational RANS approach based on ECFM and TKI, and with the imposed stretch spark ignition model (ISSIM) to represent spark ignition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Analysis of Port Water Injection in a GDI Engine under Incipient Knock Conditions

et al. 2019

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This paper investigates, through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, the knock resistance improvements that can be obtained in a turbo-charged GDI engine with water injection. In a first step, water and gasoline injector models are validated comparing the results with experimental data from constant volume chamber tests. Then, multi-cycle simulations are performed using the G-equation turbulent combustion model focusing on spray evolution and wall film dynamics. The main intent is analyzing the effectiveness of different water injection timings and injection pressures in a port water injection (PWI) installation. Combustion rates are validated against experimental engine data, with and without water injection. Afterwards, in order to predict autoignition behavior with different spark advance (SA) timings, the extended coherent flamelet model (ECFM) combined with a tabulated kinetic ignition (TKI) dataset is used. End-gas autoignition delays are calculated using a reduced mechanism for toluene primary reference fuel (TPRF), which revealed essential for capturing actual gasoline ignition characteristics. Results indicate that the water atomization quality, i.e., injection pressure, is significant in a PWI installation allowing a reduction of the water wall film formation in the ports. Water injection timing needs also to be carefully chosen for optimized performance. As the injected water allows the SA to be increased, the overall benefits on indicated mean effective pressure and fuel consumption are quantified under the same knock safety margin, matching adequately well the available measurements.

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“…However, this study has been done on six stroke engine that specifically design for engine operation with water injection stroke. Berni et al, [14] found that by injecting water into the combustion the in cylinder pressure is decrease but the indicated power is increase as much as 2%. The in cylinder pressure give the engine ability to the engine to drive as the piston was force in the power stroke.…”

Section: Engine Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engine Characteristics Analysis of Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engine with Water Injection Charge Air Cooling

Kamaludin¹,

Mamat²,

Mohamed³

2020

ARFMTS

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This paper presents the effect of engine performance by water injection charged air cooling. Water was injected into the intake manifold with different flowrate in a turbocharged spark ignition engine. The simulation was done on a validated engine modelling using GT-Power simulation that was based on a 1.6L turbocharged CamPro CFE engine. Two injectors were used to inject the water into the intake manifold. The addition of water injection shows potential to improve the engine operation characteristics. Improvement of brake torque as much as 19% and brake power as much as 10% have proven that the charged air cooling has improved the turbocharged engine. In this this study, the charged air intake raises the air density in the combustion chamber and has improved the brake specific fuel consumption as much as 23%. With the introduction of water to the upstream of the engine operation, the cooling effect does assist the engine to improve.

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A Numerical Investigation on the Potentials of Water Injection to Increase Knock Resistance and Reduce Fuel Consumption in Highly Downsized GDI Engines

Cited by 65 publications

References 12 publications

Use of Water Injection Technique to Improve the Combustion Efficiency of the Spark-Ignition Engine: A Model Study

Use of Water Injection Technique to Improve the Combustion Efficiency of the Spark-Ignition Engine: A Model Study

CFD Analysis of Port Water Injection in a GDI Engine under Incipient Knock Conditions

Engine Characteristics Analysis of Turbocharged Spark Ignition Engine with Water Injection Charge Air Cooling

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