A novel zirconium-based metal–organic framework covalently modified by methyl pyridinium bromide for mild and co-catalyst free conversion of CO₂ to cyclic carbonates

Abstract

Building metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) covalently modified by onium halides is a promising approach to develop efficient MOF-based heterogeneous catalysts for the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides (CCE) into cyclic carbonates....

Pyrene-Appended Boronic Acids on Graphene Foam Electrodes Provide Quantum Capacitance-Based Molecular Sensors for Lactate

“…The dominating elements for both types of samples are C and O (see Table 1 ) with binding energies consistent with literature reports. 20 Perhaps surprisingly, the bare graphene foam already contains traces of N (consistent with N-doped carbon at 398.8 eV) 21 and P. With T1 adsorbed, there are new distinct signals for N 1s at 402 eV [indicative of the pyridinium cation (usually at 401.8 eV)] 22 and B 1s at 191.6 eV [indicative of the boronic acid (at 191.5 eV)]. 23 Spectral analysis of the B 1s region is complicated by several competing features from the P and Cl contaminants.…”

The post-synthesis modification (PSM) of MOFs for catalysis

“…There are far fewer examples of MOF catalysts that have been generated via the PSM of non-amine reactive handles such as nitrogen heterocycles, 6,23–26 aldehydes, 27–29 acid anhydrides, etc . 30 The advantage of non-amine reactive tags in the post-synthesis generation of catalysts is exemplified by “clickable” MOFs.…”

Halogen Bonding in the Decoration of Secondary Coordination Sphere of Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) Complexes: Catalytic Application in Cycloaddition Reaction of CO2 with Epoxides

“…Due to the high bonding enthalpy of the CO double bond (+805 kJ mol –1 ) and the linear molecular configuration of centrosymmetric CO 2 , a catalyst is generally required to bring down the energy barrier in its chemical transformations. The organocatalytic and metal complex catalyzed conversion of CO 2 , as an abundant, inexpensive, nontoxic, nonflammable, and renewable C1 source/building unit (instead of the commonly used phosgene, COCl 2 ) in chemical synthesis has already been recognized as a powerful synthetic strategy. − For example, metal complex-catalyzed cycloaddition of CO 2 with epoxides leads to cyclic and/or polymeric carbonates, − which find a variety of applications in the pharmaceutical industry, − electrolytes in lithium ion batteries, , paint-strippers, aprotic polar solvents in organic synthesis, , intermediates in the synthesis of carbamates, , etc. The search for a new effective, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive catalytic system is a tremendous challenge in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from the CO 2 and epoxides.…”