A Novel Trivalent Chromium Electroplating Bath

Smart, D. W.; Such, T.E.; Wake, S.

doi:10.1080/00202967.1983.11870647

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…4(d). 1 3.077 222 a 2 2.665 400 a 3 1.776 600 a 4 1.606 622 substrate could react with the carbon membrane to form Cr 23 C 6 during annealing at 700°C. The annealing process also resulted in the carbonbased membrane transformation from the amorphous carbon-based structure to the crystalline diamond structure.…”

Section: Tem Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of carbon in the chromium deposit electroplated from a trivalent chromium-based bath

Huang

Liu

et al. 2011

Surface and Coatings Technology

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Section: Tem Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve a Cr deposit with low toxicity, trivalent Cr electrodeposition may be a practical replacement for highly toxic hexavalent Cr electrodeposition [1]. Therefore, trivalent Cr electrodeposition has attracted significant attention in recent years [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of carbon in the chromium deposit electroplated from a trivalent chromium-based bath

Huang

Liu

et al. 2011

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…The specimen was cut in cylinder form for the rotating cylinder electrode (RCE); the cylinder was 16 mm in diameter, 5 mm in length and has an exposing area of 2.51 cm 2 for plating. Hard-chromium plating was performed in a conventional sulfate-catalyzed chromic acid solution at 50 • C with an applied current density of 30 A/dm 2 of the platinized-Ti was used as the anode. After plating the RCE-specimen was sectioned, 3 mm in length and 1.5 mm in width, with diamond saw.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hard-chromium plating can also be used for surface finishing of the mould, which can be used directly after chromium plating [1,2]. The plastic mould is designed for long-term use at a temperature around 250 • C. Under this condition, the plastic material becomes soft and can be deformed easily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavior of electroplated hard-chromium on Cr–Mo steel subject to long-term annealing at 250°C

Huang¹,

Li²,

Lin³

et al. 2005

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…3 Review of literature indicates the need for a comprehensive understanding of plating technology of Cr/Cr-Ni by using less toxic Cr 3+ ions. It is known that the codeposition H 2 during plating of metals is considerably reduced by the presence of a mixture of H 3 BO 3 and NaCl.…”

Section: Electroplating Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Development and Characterization of Ni–Cr Alloys for Fuel Cell Applications

Tharamani

Mayanna

2006

Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

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Electrodeposition of Ni-Cr alloy has been carried out from acidic sodium citrate complex bath solution in the current density range 5-50 mA/cm 2 at 303 K. The deposited alloys are characterized by cyclic voltammetric and polarization studies. The coatings exhibit as novel electrode material with low overpotential ͑͒ and good corrosion resistance for anodic oxidation of methanol in H 2 SO 4 medium. The anodic peak current, a measure of oxidation reaction rate, is considerably high on Ni-Cr alloy when compared to pure Ni. Chromium is a versatile metal with inherent useful tailor-made properties. It forms alloys with nickel ͑Nichrome-Ni-Cr͒ which are promising materials as resistor elements 1 and find application in high-temperature oxidizing environments. 2Electroplating of Cr/Ni-Cr from aqueous solution has several disadvantages; it is not eco-friendly ͑use of Cr 6+ ͒, it is not economically viable ͑very low cathodic efficiency͒, and the quality of coating is very poor ͑due to H 2 evolution͒.3 Review of literature indicates the need for a comprehensive understanding of plating technology of Cr/Cr-Ni by using less toxic Cr 3+ ions. It is known that the codeposition H 2 during plating of metals is considerably reduced by the presence of a mixture of H 3 BO 3 and NaCl.4 Based on the facts, attempts have been made to electroplate good-quality Ni-Cr alloys. 5Fuel cell ͑nonconventional energy source͒ technology has made considerable progress in recent years in order to meet the global energy demand. 6 Attempts have been made in our laboratory to develop simple and cost-effective electrochemical procedures to get good-quality alloys as electrodes for methanol oxidation fuel cell.7-10 By varying the deposition conditions, it is possible to get Nichrome ͑Ni/Cr͒ with traces of oxides of Cr and Ni or both, 11,5 which are supposed to be potential candidates to function as effective anodes for electrochemical methanol oxidation. Hence, electrodeposition procedures developed earlier 5 are used to prepare thin films of Ni-Cr alloy and tested for their corrosion resistance toward highly corrosive fuel-cell electrolytes and also for electrochemical catalytic activities for methanol oxidation. ExperimentalAll solutions were prepared by using analytical reagent grade chemicals and double-distilled water. Alloys of Ni-Cr were deposited onto copper foils ͑99.9%, 10 ϫ 10 ϫ 0.5 mm͒. Before deposition, copper foils were precleaned by procedures described elsewhere.12 Experiments were carried out using a threecompartment glass cell of 50 mL capacity at 303 K for 30 min. pH of the bath solution was adjusted to 3.0 by using diluted NaOH/H 2 SO 4 . The phases of deposited alloy were studied by X-ray diffractometer ͑XRD͒ ͑Simen D5005 with Cu K␣ radiation͒. Galvanostatic polarization and cyclic voltammetric ͑CV͒ experiments were conducted using a potentiostat/galvanostat ͑EG & G PAR 362͒. A large platinum foil and saturated calomel electrode were used as auxiliary and reference electrodes, respectively. A finely drawn Luggin capillary was use...

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A Novel Trivalent Chromium Electroplating Bath

Cited by 45 publications

References 3 publications

Role of carbon in the chromium deposit electroplated from a trivalent chromium-based bath

Role of carbon in the chromium deposit electroplated from a trivalent chromium-based bath

The behavior of electroplated hard-chromium on Cr–Mo steel subject to long-term annealing at 250°C

Studies on the Development and Characterization of Ni–Cr Alloys for Fuel Cell Applications

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