A Novel Transcript of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), Eg707, is Specifically Upregulated in Tissues Related to Totipotency

Abstract

In this study, we report the molecular characterization of clone Eg707 isolated from cell suspension culture of the oil palm. The deduced polypeptide of clone Eg707 is highly similar to an unknown protein from Arabidopsis thaliana. The presence of an Ald-Xan-dh-C2 superfamily domain in the deduced protein sequence suggested that Eg707 protein might be involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis. Eg707 might be present as a single copy gene in the oil palm genome. This gene is highly expressed in tissue cultured materials compared to vegetative and reproductive tissues, suggesting a role of this gene during oil palm somatic embryogenesis or at the early stages of embryo development. Expression analysis of Eg707 by RNA in situ hybridization showed that Eg707 transcripts were present throughout somatic embryo development starting from proembryo formation at the embryogenic callus stages till the maturing embryo stages. Since proembryo formation within the embryogenic callus is one of the first key factors in oil palm somatic embryo development, it is suggested that Eg707 could be used as a reliable molecular marker for detecting early stage of oil palm somatic embryogenesis.

Amino Acid and Secondary Metabolite Production in Embryogenic and Non-Embryogenic Callus of Fingerroot Ginger (Boesenbergia rotunda)

“…We observed that EC and DC had dense cells with prominent dark blue clusters indicating regions of active cell division ( Fig 7N and 7O ) despite the fact that only EC leads to further plant development. In EC of oil palm [ 52 ] and date palm [ 53 ], the meristematic regions were stained dark blue with PAS reagent. In comparison, B .…”

Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-Time PCR in Oil Palm Elite Planting Materials Propagated by Tissue Culture

“…Therefore molecular research is extensively carried out to understand the mechanisms underlying somatic embryogenesis (SE) in oil palm. This resulted in the identification of SE associated genes such as EgLSD (Lignostilbene-a,b-dioxygenase), EgER6 (Ethylene responsive 6), Eg 707 (unknown protein) and EgIAA9 (putative member of the AUX/IAA gene family) [14], [15], [16]. There is increased opportunity to discover key SE regulatory genes with the availability of genome information.…”

“…Similar to other plant species, RT-qPCR studies in oil palm utilized the classical housekeeping genes such as ACTIN [14] and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( GAPDH ) [15] for normalization. As there is increasing evidence that these genes are not consistently expressed in certain plant species or experimental conditions [20], [29], [30], other genes have been investigated on their potential as reference genes.…”

Tissue Culture of Oil Palm: Finding the Balance Between Mass Propagation and Somaclonal Variation

“…Overexpression of some of these genes, including BABY BOOM (BBM; Boutilier et al, 2002), WUSCHEL (Zuo et al, 2002) and LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (Lotan et al, 1998) conferred direct SE formation in different plant species. Although some efforts have been made in the identification of oil palm genes involved in SE (Le et al, 2011; Ooi et al, 2012; Syariyanto et al, 2018), to date no reports on the overexpression of any embryogenesis related genes have been made, indicating an important research field for the future.…”

“…Based on these data, different research groups are studying oil palm gene expression and regulation (Low et al, 2008; Bourgis et al, 2011; Xia et al, 2014; Syariyanto et al, 2018). Several candidate genes with differential expression between embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus have been identified, such as EgIAA9 , a putative Aux/IAA gene (Ooi et al, 2012), Eg707 , encoding an unknown protein that is likely involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis (Le et al, 2011) and ILR1-like 1 , encoding an IAA-amino acid hydrolase (Syariyanto et al, 2018). Further research into these and other candidate genes, might allow the development of an efficient screening method for identification of palms highly responsive to somatic embryogenesis.…”