A Novel Threshold - Controllable Algorithm for Moving Target Coverage

Abstract

The uncertainty of a moving target's speed and direction can lead to inaccurate target location and large energy consumption of network nodes when the target is covered and controlled by the sensor node in the wireless sensor network. This study proposed a method of threshold-controllable moving target coverage to accurately predict the target movement location, improve the energy consumption rate of the network, and clarify the main factors affecting the coverage of the moving target. First, a node participation threshold was introduced in the area of the moving target, and a scheduling mechanism of the node state was established. Second, the location prediction model of the moving target and the self-adjusting mechanism of the node data reporting frequency were established in accordance with the historical location information, movement direction, and speed of the moving target. Finally, the effect of node participation threshold on target location accuracy and network energy consumption during monitoring of the moving target was analyzed. Results show that when the participation threshold is set to decrease from 5 to 2, the target location error at different speeds decreases by 56.7%. When the participation threshold is equal to 3, the average energy consumption at different speeds decreases by 55% compared with consumption without a present threshold. Energy consumption decreases by an average of 41% in the model of moving target location prediction. Therefore, the threshold-controllable algorithm for moving target coverage shows excellent performance in terms of location accuracy and network energy utilization efficiency. The study can be utilized for sensor network environments with limited node energy to provide theoretical guidance for the dynamic coverage optimization of moving targets.

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