A novel technique for finding gas bubbles in the nuclear waste containers using Muon Scattering Tomography

Dobrowolska, Magdalena; Velthuis, J. J.; Frazao, Leonor; Kikoła, D. P.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/13/05/p05015

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We developed an algorithm which is described in detail in [15]. It was successfully used to detect objects with a high atomic number (high-Z objects) in cargo containers [15,32], imaging of nuclear waste [12], as well as for discrimination of high-Z materials in concrete-filled containers [13] and detection of voids in concrete filled drums [11]. It was also demonstrated that bars with a diameter of 33.7 ± 7.3 mm at 50 cm depth can be located using that approach [21].…”

Section: Bristol Discriminator Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A traditional application of muon tomography is the characterization of nuclear waste drums and related security applications, where contents of concrete or bitumen filled waste drums are studied. Key issues here include the potential presence of gas bubbles in the matrix of the waste drum [11] and identification of the material inside the drums [12][13][14]. Security applications have been mainly focused on detection of lumps of high-Z material in cargo containers [15,16], but work on the detection of explosives is ongoing as well [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of muon scattering tomography for a detection of reinforcement in concrete

Dobrowolska¹,

Velthuis²,

Kopp³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Inspection of ageing, reinforced concrete structures is a world-wide challenge. Existing non-destructive evaluation techniques in civil and structural engineering have limited penetration depth and don't allow to precisely ascertain the configuration of reinforcement within large concrete objects. The big challenge for critical infrastructure (bridges, dams, dry docks, nuclear bioshields etc.) is understanding the internal condition of the concrete and steel, not just the location of the reinforcement. In most new constructions the location should be known and recorded in the asbuilt drawings, where these might not exist due to poor record keeping for older structures.Muon scattering tomography is a non-destructive and non-invasive technique which shows great promise for high-depth 3D concrete imaging. Previously, we have demonstrated that individual bars with a diameter of 33.7 ± 7.3 mm at 50 cm depth can be located using muon scattering tomography. Here we present an improved method that exploits the periodicity of bar structures. With this new method, reinforcement with bars down to 6 mm thickness can be detected and imaged.

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Section: Bristol Discriminator Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of muon scattering tomography for a detection of reinforcement in concrete

Dobrowolska¹,

Velthuis²,

Kopp³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Up to now, it has been a challenging issue to evaluate and classify rock masses, although many classification methods have been developed. These methods include rock quality designation (RQD) (Deere and Miller 1966), tunnelling quality index (Q) (Barton et al 1974), rock mass rating system (RMR) (Bieniawski 1973), geological strength index (GSI) (Hoek et al 1995), rock mass index (RMI) (Palmstrøm 1996), etc. In addition, it has been tried to classify rocks using sonic velocity (e.g.…”

Section: Non-destructive Evaluation and Classification Of Rock Massesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muography and Its Potential Applications to Mining and Rock Engineering

Zhang

Enqvist²,

Holma

et al. 2020

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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Muography is a novel imaging method using natural cosmic-ray radiation for characterising and monitoring variation in average material density in a diverse range of objects that cannot be imaged by conventional imaging techniques. Muography includes muon radiography and muon tomography. Cosmic-ray-induced muons were discovered in the 1930’s, but rapid development of both muographic techniques has only occurred in the last two decades. With this rapid development, muography has been applied or tested in many fields such as volcano imaging, archaeology, underground structure and tunnel detection, rock mass density measurements, cargo scanning, imaging of nuclear waste and reactors, and monitoring of historical buildings and the inside of blast furnaces. Although applications of muography have already touched mining and rock engineering, such applications are still rare and they are just beginning to enter the market. Based on this background, this paper aims to introduce muography into the fields of mining and rock engineering. First, the basic properties of muons are summarized briefly. Second, potential applications of muography to mining and rock engineering are described. These applications include (1) monitoring temporal changes in the average material density of fracturing and deforming rock mass; (2) detecting geological structures and isolated ore bodies or weak zones in mines; (3) detecting a reservoir or boulders during tunnelling or drifting; (4) monitoring caving bodies to search remaining ore; (5) evaluating and classifying rock masses; (6) exploring new mineral deposits in operating underground mines and their surrounding brownfields. Finally, some issues such as maximum depth muons can reach are discussed.

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“…In the past, this has been exploited for various discrimination and identification studies in simulation: to differentiate between different high-Z materials [3], [5] or to locate gas bubbles in bitumen-filled drums [6].…”

Section: Muon Scattering Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-destructive assay of nuclear waste containers using muon scattering tomography in the Horizon2020 CHANCE project

et al. 2020

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Methods for the non-destructive assay of nuclear waste drums are of great importance to the nuclear waste management community, especially where loss in continuity of knowledge about the content of drums happened or chemical processes altering the contents of the drums may occur. Muon scattering tomography has been shown to be a promising technique for the non-destructive assay of nuclear waste drums in a safe way. By measuring tracks of muons entering and leaving the probed sample and extracting scattering angles from the tracks, it is possible to draw conclusions about the contents of the sample and its spatial arrangement. Within the CHANCE project, a newly built large-scale mobile detector system for scanning and imaging the contents of nuclear waste drums using atmospheric muons is currently undergoing commissioning.

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A novel technique for finding gas bubbles in the nuclear waste containers using Muon Scattering Tomography

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Development of muon scattering tomography for a detection of reinforcement in concrete

Development of muon scattering tomography for a detection of reinforcement in concrete

Muography and Its Potential Applications to Mining and Rock Engineering

Non-destructive assay of nuclear waste containers using muon scattering tomography in the Horizon2020 CHANCE project

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