A Novel Statistical Model for the Evaluation of Vehicle Emission Factors. Application to a Euro III Gasoline Car Fleet

Abstract

A novel model has been developed for the analysis and the evaluation of average vehicle emissions in a real driving cycle (emission factors) from data in an emission data base. The model assumes that emission variation can be explained by parameters determined from dynamic vehicle equation and by the frequency of acceleration events at different speed. Because the number of resulting X-variables is large, and variables are correlated, a regression method based on principal components, the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method actually, has been adopted. In this paper, model potentiality is illustrated by an application to a case study taken from the data base built within the UE V Framework Project ARTEMIS. Data are relative to tests performed under hot conditions with a sample of EURO III 1.4-2.0 l gasoline passenger cars. A set of real driving cycles was utilized as representative of urban, rural and motorway operating conditions detected in different European countries. Results for PLS model fit are good for CO2, less than sufficient for CO, HC and NOX; this last result, mostly due to data spread out, is analyzed in the paper by estimating the percentage vehicle's effect.

Research on the influence of different calculation methods of deterioration factors on light-duty vehicle emissions

“…The emission durability test starts from 0 km, measures the emission Mi 0 of various pollutants at 0 km, and then every 10000 km(±400km) The vehicle emission Mi j (China 6: J = 1, 2,..., 16, and the test can use AMA or SRC (standard road cycle) test cycle) [5][6][7][8] . The test should be carried out according to the type I test specification in the regulations, and the results of each test should meet the emission limits of various pollutants in the regulations.…”

“…However, with the reduction of emission limits in emission regulations, the calculation method of deterioration factor shown in formula (4) enlarges the fluctuation of test results and has more and more adverse effects on the mass production management of enterprises. Therefore, another method for calculating degradation factor is added in European and American emission regulations [3,4,9] .…”

An integrated knowledge base for modelling and predicting vehicle real-world emissions as a function of driving behaviour kinematics

“…By using these coefficients, we can identify the percentage effect of any vehicle on a particular emission factor and establish a cut-off point for vehicles considered normal emitters from high emitters. Finally, vehicles considered as outliers must be identified and excluded from the training process of emission factors [16].…”

Evaluation of Emission Factors for New Technology S. I. Euro 4 Cars

“…Experimental hot emission factors were compared with those estimated for conventional Euro 4 passenger cars by KEM (Kinematic Emission Model), an emission model developed in Istituto Motori -CNR in the framework of EU FP5 Artemis project [9] and by the COPERT 4 model [10]. KEM allows us to predict emission factor at different kinematic conditions represented by driving cycles (DCs) [11], with respect to the COPERT 4 which only uses the mean speed as model input parameter.…”