A novel standardized bone model for thermal evaluation of bone osteotomies with various irrigation methods

Abstract

This fully standardized bone model provides optimized comparability for the evaluation of bone osteotomies and resulting temperature changes. As regards the efficiency of the various irrigation methods, it could be demonstrated that internal and combined irrigation appears to be more beneficial than external irrigation.

Heat generation and drill wear during dental implant site preparation: systematic review

“…Strbac et al also examined the temperatures reached when combined internal and external irrigation was used, and when there was no irrigation. 21 In contrast to Benington et al, they found that the highest mean temperature was reached without any irrigation (29.87 • C), followed by external (28.47 • C) and internal irrigation (25.86 • C).…”

“…2,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Three studies used synthetic blocks, 21,26,27 and one a resin model. 28 In 3 animal studies, immunohistochemical analysis was done to check the viability of bone cells.…”

“…[29][30][31] The work of Strbac et al to achieve standardisation and reproducibility of test results using a new standard bone model is a positive step. 21 Use of artificially manufactured bovine bone provided equal vertical and horizontal variables. It allowed a standardised ratio between cortical and cancellous bone, and a bone density that should correspond to clinical conditions in human bone (type 2 according to the Lekholm and Zarb classification 32 ).…”

“…20,21,25 They used a real-time model with 14 temperature sensors (2 thermoprobes with 7 sensors each) at defined depths and predefined distances of 1 and 2 mm from the final cut. 20,21 During drilling with a supply of coolant the 2 mm diameter twist drills reached higher temperatures than the 3.5 mm diameter conical implant drills. In another study they investigated the heat generated during preparation of the implant site when the diameters of the drills were increased in conjunction with other factors.…”

“…In another study they investigated the heat generated during preparation of the implant site when the diameters of the drills were increased in conjunction with other factors. 21 First, a 2 mm diameter twist drill was used followed by conical drills with diameters of 3.5, 4.3, and 5 mm. Real-time recording showed that, independent of irrigation, a 2 mm diameter drill caused significantly higher temperatures than sequential drills with conical burs.…”