A novel solution for the development of collaborative virtual environment simulations in large scale

Boukerche, Azzedine; Duarte, D.D.; Araújo, Regina B.; Andrade, Luís; Zarrad, Anis

doi:10.1109/distra.2005.5

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Therefore, producing a playable game is a drawn-out procedure not necessarily designed principally for human communications. The virtual environment markup language (VEML) [37,38] was supported by non-linear story ideas defined by Szilas [39] to construct and/or expand CVE systems. This model permits story progress simultaneously with the simulation, and hence executed separately from the 3D settings programming.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Cloud Based Disaster Management System

Cheikhrouhou

Koubâa

Zarrad

2020

JSAN

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The combination of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and 3D virtual environments opens a new paradigm for their use in natural disaster management applications. It is important to have a realistic virtual environment based on datasets received from WSNs to prepare a backup rescue scenario with an acceptable response time. This paper describes a complete cloud-based system that collects data from wireless sensor nodes deployed in real environments and then builds a 3D environment in near real-time to reflect the incident detected by sensors (fire, gas leaking, etc.). The system’s purpose is to be used as a training environment for a rescue team to develop various rescue plans before they are applied in real emergency situations. The proposed cloud architecture combines 3D data streaming and sensor data collection to build an efficient network infrastructure that meets the strict network latency requirements for 3D mobile disaster applications. As compared to other existing systems, the proposed system is truly complete. First, it collects data from sensor nodes and then transfers it using an enhanced Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RLP). A 3D modular visualizer with a dynamic game engine was also developed in the cloud for near-real time 3D rendering. This is an advantage for highly-complex rendering algorithms and less powerful devices. An Extensible Markup Language (XML) atomic action concept was used to inject 3D scene modifications into the game engine without stopping or restarting the engine. Finally, a multi-objective multiple traveling salesman problem (AHP-MTSP) algorithm is proposed to generate an efficient rescue plan by assigning robots and multiple unmanned aerial vehicles to disaster target locations, while minimizing a set of predefined objectives that depend on the situation. The results demonstrate that immediate feedback obtained from the reconstructed 3D environment can help to investigate what–if scenarios, allowing for the preparation of effective rescue plans with an appropriate management effort.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This model permits story progress simultaneously with the simulation, and hence executed separately from the 3D settings programming. In [37], the authors modeled an atomic repetitive simulation in a rejoinder to similar procedures. For instance, the store that Real Madrid FC has for virtual shopping may run numerous sales all-year round.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cloud Based Disaster Management System

Cheikhrouhou

Koubâa

Zarrad

2020

JSAN

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“…Several research studies on 3D disaster management have been used to model human behavior and offer true-to-life VE. However, there is still a lack of studies that can easily present avatar animation in emergent situations [2][3][4][5] and in real time without stopping the engine. Therefore, 3D modifications can be very timeconsuming and costly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dynamic Platform for Developing 3D Facial Avatars in a Networked Virtual Environment

Zarrad

2016

International Journal of Computer Games Technology

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Avatar facial expression and animation in 3D collaborative virtual environment (CVE) systems are reconstructed through a complex manipulation of muscles, bones, and wrinkles in 3D space. The need for a fast and easy reconstruction approach has emerged in the recent years due to its application in various domains: 3D disaster management, virtual shopping, and military training. In this work we proposed a new script language based on atomic parametric action to easily produce real-time facial animation. To minimize use of the game engine, we introduced script-based component where the user introduces simple short script fragments to feed the engine with a new animation on the fly. During runtime, when an embedded animation is required, an xml file is created and injected into the game engine without stopping or restarting the engine. The resulting animation method preserves the real-time performance because the modification occurs not through the modification of the 3D code that describes the CVE and its objects but rather through modification of the action scenario that rules when an animation happens or might happen in that specific situation.

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“…In [24], the authors developed the Virtual Environment Mark-up Language (VEML) based on the nonlinear story [24] concept deined by Szilas [25] to build virtual reality applications. This model allows the progress of the story, during the simulation, to be speciied independently from the implementation of the 3D object geometry and from the 3D-environment programming.…”

Section: Existing Game Engine Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists of a lightweight cross-platform kernel that permits system evolution at runtime. The adoption of JADE does not provide an eicient solution to problems that arise from extending virtual reality applications.In [24], the authors developed the Virtual Environment Mark-up Language (VEML) based on the nonlinear story [24] concept deined by Szilas [25] to build virtual reality applications. This model allows the progress of the story, during the simulation, to be speciied independently from the implementation of the 3D object geometry and from the 3D-environment programming.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Game Engine Solutions

Zarrad¹

2018

Simulation and Gaming

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The rapid development of hardware and system platforms provides a favorable foundation for game development. A game engine overview is introduced irst. Then, key features and available solutions of game engines are discussed. Typical products of game engines are shown and evaluated. Finally, we summarize our indings.Keywords: game engine, game builder, 3D game, 2D game, engine architecture IntroductionGame engines are a new way to develop high-quality games easily and rapidly without needing intensive programming skills and computational resources. Today, there is growing interest in game engines due to the rapid development of hardware and system platforms.3D game engines help game companies reduce their cost, time, and manpower, since game developers can use the available functionalities of the engine. However, with over 100 engines available in the market for commercial and educational purposes, with a wide range of diverse features, each with its own performance levels, license types, and cost structures, selecting an appropriate game engine for a speciic purpose becomes a challenging problem.Game engine systems hit the headlines only a few years ago. Before the appearance of game engine technologies [1,2], existing systems were often developed as virtual augmented reality systems to handle speciic tasks such as NPSNET [3], DIVE [4], and SPLINE [5]. Thus, any modiication required a hard change in the programming environment and architecture. As game engine technology matures and becomes more lexible, implementing a 3D environment will become easier. Despite these improvements, programming skills remain a concern, and usually sabotage developers who want to create complex environments.© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Game developers usually have advanced programming skills and often block the system from user manipulation or misuse, which further complicates the task. Most game engines are limited to speciic tasks and their features are typically coupled with speciic game characteristics. Thus, developing extensions or modiications that force a game engine to adopt a new class of applications is almost impossible. Recently, many techniques and programming approaches such as virtual reality modeling language (VRML) [6] [10] have been proposed to overcome the limitations, brought about by the interconnected gaming engine and development platform, to ofer a beter solution.In this chapter, we evaluate the latest released game engine from a variety of aspects like modularity, performance, usability, library, speed, and the realism. The readers will obtain an overview of game engine research, while becoming familiar with the recent developments and technologies in this area. Existing game engine solutionsAs technology moves forward, the need for mul...

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A novel solution for the development of collaborative virtual environment simulations in large scale

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

A Cloud Based Disaster Management System

A Cloud Based Disaster Management System

A Dynamic Platform for Developing 3D Facial Avatars in a Networked Virtual Environment

Game Engine Solutions

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