A novel single-feed hybrid reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for 5G mobile communication and radio frequency energy harvesting applications at 28/38GHz

Abstract

Reconfigurable antennas have received much attention in RF energy harvesting models owing to their selectivity for operating frequency and polarization. The characteristic of having frequency selectivity and polarization selectivity can be termed as frequency diversity and polarization diversity, respectively. This paper investigates a rectenna device with a new proposed topology in order to eliminate coupling between input and output lines and increase the rectification efficiency with the use of single feed hybrid reconfigurable antenna, switch between 28GHz and 38GHz frequency. Moreover, it is designed to charge a rechargeable battery of 1watt(W). The Reconfiguration mechanism is realized by electronically controlling different states of Switches. PIN Diode (as RLC Equivalent circuit) is used as a switch for ON/OFF states. This antenna mainly comprises rectangular shaped patches (28GHz and 38GHz) with Triango-Truncated edge at the corners. Eighteen PIN Diodes are placed symmetrically throughout the antenna presenting as, S1 & S2 for frequency reconfiguration, S3 to S6 & S7 to S10 connects Triango Truncated edge at the corners for polarization reconfiguration, and for radiation pattern reconfiguration at S11 to S14 & S15 to S18 has been used. The proposed antenna model is capable of simultaneously changing, the radiation patterns as clock and anti-clockwise directions at ±90-degree shift in E and H planes, circularly polarized (CP) states among, Linear Polarization (LP), Right Hand Circularly Polarization (RHCP), and Left Hand Circularly Polarization (LHCP). The current design describes using single antenna for energy harvesting and 5G mobile communication application. This would lead to higher output currents, leading to the ability to efficiently charge a wide variety of batteries. A fully functional prototype has been designed, fabricated and its compound reconfiguration characteristics have been validated for simulated and measured results. For validation of results, the experimental results and the simulation results from the proposed mathematical model were made into comparison, and excellent correlation between the measured and simulated results was obtained.

A 28/38 GHz tuned reconfigurable antenna for 5G mobile communications

“…The presented antenna can operate either at 28 or 38 GHz or both frequencies which is different from [22], [24], [27], [31] that operated only at 28 GHz or 38 GHz. Although the antenna in [29] could operate at 28 or 38 GHz or both frequencies, it had a large size (54 × 114 × 0.508 mm 3 and εr=2.2) compared to our proposed antenna size. The antenna is suitable for 5G mobile communications; and achieving realizable power consumption in addition to an efficient use of the frequency spectrum.…”

“…Shereen et al [28] discussed the same reconfiguration in [27], where the antenna resonance frequency in [28] was at 26.4 GHz covering the 24.2 to 26.5 GHz band or at 28 GHZ, covering the band of 27.4 to 29.8 GHz. Shereen et al [29] presented a hybrid reconfigurable antenna at 28/38 GHz using PIN diodes. Azam et al [30] described a reconfigurable antenna that operating at frequency bands 25.6 and 39.3 GHz and Jilani et al [31] introduced reconfigurable antenna that was operated at the frequency band 27.3 to 40 GHz.…”

Recent Advancement of Wearable Reconfigurable Antenna Technologies: A Review

“…The frequency of operation, radiation pattern, polarization and hybrid reconfiguration of an antenna can be utilized to satisfy the growing need for wearable electronics [94]. The most widely utilized reconfigurability is the operating frequency because it is the simplest attribute to change.…”

Impact of ring structure and conjugation on the dielectric properties of polyimides at a high frequency of 10–40 GHz

“…Cutting‐edge technology is developing rapidly, especially in high‐frequency communication and applications. With advancements in 5th‐generation mobile networks, 1–3 seeking potential materials that can be applied to the GHz band or even higher is becoming increasingly significant. These suitable materials must meet the following requirements: (i) light and thin size, (ii) excellent thermal stability, (iii) outstanding mechanical properties, (iv) strong chemical resistance, and (v) low dielectric characteristics 4–7 .…”