“…Inspired by this mechanism and introducing the viscoelasticity of the substrate, strong low-frequency waterborne absorption is realized by Wen et al with a sub-wavelength sample [ 4 ], but the inferiority of this is that the effective frequency bandwidth is very narrow. A lot of studies have been conducted to expand the effective frequency bandwidth by introducing multi-resonators [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], metal spiral and inter-connecting structures [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], air cavities and combinations of them [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. For example, Wang et al proposed a broadband waterborne absorbing metamaterial with gradient cavity array strengthened by a carbon fiber framework [ 15 ].…”