A novel Schiff base-containing branched polysiloxane as a self-crosslinking flame retardant for PA6 with low heat release and excellent anti-dripping performance

Fan, Shuo; Peng, Bo; Yuan, Ruchao; Wu, Dequn; Wang, Xueli; Yu, Jianyong; Li, Faxue

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107684

Cited by 51 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These results reveal that SP‐APP has higher thermal stability at high temperature along with higher charring capacity than APP owing to the protection of organic coating of PCNSi. As reported in our previous study, 22 this protection can be ascribed to the synergistic effects of the self‐crosslinking reaction of Schiff base structure and the thermo‐oxidative degradation of branched polsiloxane via forming a hexatomic ring cross‐linked structure and Si‐O‐Si network. Gradually, a protective barrier is generated due to the formation of these stable structures, which is helpful to protect APP from thermal decomposition and reduce the mass loss at high temperature.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

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A novel organic‐inorganic flame retardant of ammonium polyphosphate chemically coated by Schiff base‐containing branched polysiloxane for polyamide 6

Fan

Sun

Wang

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A novel organic-inorganic flame retardant (SP-APP) was first designed by coating ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with Schiff base-containing branched polysiloxane via ion exchange reaction and dehydration-condensation. High water resistance and charring capacity of the SP-APP greatly overcame the poor water resistance of APP and endowed polyamide 6 (PA6) with excellent flame retardancy and anti-dripping. The prepared PA6/SP-APP composite with 12 wt% of SP-APP reached the highest limited oxygen index (LOI) of 32.5% and passed V-0 rating of UL-94 test with nondripping, while PA6 and PA6/APP with 12 wt% of APP failed to pass the UL-94 test. A sharp reduction of 50.9% in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and 29.4% in total heat release (THR) was found for PA6/SP-APP in contrast with PA6. The working mechanism of SP-APP in enhancing the flame retardancy of PA6 was also explored intensively and the synergistic effects of catalytic degradation of APP, self-crosslinking behavior of Schiff base structure and thermo-oxidative degradation of branched polysiloxane contributed to the improvement of flame retardancy of PA6/SP-APP.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…In our previous work, 22 a novel aromatic Schiff base‐containing branched polysiloxane (PCNSi) was prepared and proved to be a favorable carbon source, and 44.2 wt% of char yield ( Y c ) at 700°C could be achieved for it. Inspiringly, PCNSi also exhibited a positive role in improving the anti‐dripping performance of PA6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel organic‐inorganic flame retardant of ammonium polyphosphate chemically coated by Schiff base‐containing branched polysiloxane for polyamide 6

Fan

Sun

Wang

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Flame retardant modification by blending reflects convenience, efficiency, low cost, and ease of processing. However, various problems have existed in blending modification, such as poor dispersibility, weak compatibility, and easy leaching in matrix materials 13,14 . In contrast, copolymerization flame retardant modification for PA56, namely the chemical introduction of reactive flame retardants into the PA56 mainchain, is regarded as an ideal method for endowing PA56 with flame retardancy 15–17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame‐retardant polyamide 56 with high fire safety and good thermal performance

Yang

Gao

Liu

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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As a recently developed biobased polyamide, polyamide 56 (PA56) has great potential in the field of fibers and textiles due to its high strength, high moisture absorption, and easy dyeing. However, the application of PA56 is restricted due to its flammability. Flame‐retardant PA56 copolymers (FRPA56s) have been designed and successfully synthesized by the introduction of 2‐carboxyethyl(phenyl)phosphinic acid (CEPPA) monomer. The thermal properties and thermal stability of FRPA56s have been evaluated using DSC and TGA, respectively. The flammability behavior of the resultant copolymer has been investigated using UL94 vertical burning and cone calorimetry tests. The crystallization temperature (Tc), melting temperature (Tm), and crystallinity (Xc) of FRPA56s are reduced and the degradation pathway for PA56 is changed with the introduction of CEPPA. In addition, FRPA56 containing 7.8 mol% CEPPA may be characterized by a V‐0 rating in the UL94 vertical burning test and its total heat release is reduced 20% than that of PA56, reflecting the high flame‐retardant efficiency of CEPPA. Based on the analysis of the residual char and the gas‐phase pyrolysis products for combustion of FRPA56s, it is concluded that the flame‐retardant modes of action for this material mainly include flame inhibition, dilution effect and charring.

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“…Additionally, a synergistic effect between C‐N‐groups and benzene rings was proposed for flame retardants in PA6 shown with Schiff base containing polysiloxanes. [ 21 ] Thus, this work focusses on oxyimide ethers with aromatic residues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Class of Oxyimides: Oxyimide Ethers and their Use as Flame Retardants

Spieß

Metzsch‐Zilligen

Pfaendner

2021

Macro Materials & Eng

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Oxyimides have gained wide interest in different applications because of radical generating properties, such as flame retardants in various polymers. As polyamide‐6 (PA6) is highly flammable and shows burning dripping during incineration the mentioned issues have to be overcome by the use of a flame retardant. All previously developed oxyimides already show these properties, but this is based on the ester structure with the consequence of transesterification/transamidation in polyesters/polyamides. In this work, a new class of oxyimides based on ether bonds is synthesized. Oxyimide ethers do not degrade PA6, only sometimes slightly increase MVR, and show excellent flame retardancy in PA6. Depending on the structure, UL 94 V‐0 can be reached with very low loadings. This makes oxyimide ethers an alternative to commonly used flame retardants for PA6.

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A novel Schiff base-containing branched polysiloxane as a self-crosslinking flame retardant for PA6 with low heat release and excellent anti-dripping performance

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

A novel organic‐inorganic flame retardant of ammonium polyphosphate chemically coated by Schiff base‐containing branched polysiloxane for polyamide 6

A novel organic‐inorganic flame retardant of ammonium polyphosphate chemically coated by Schiff base‐containing branched polysiloxane for polyamide 6

Flame‐retardant polyamide 56 with high fire safety and good thermal performance

A New Class of Oxyimides: Oxyimide Ethers and their Use as Flame Retardants

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