A novel sampling strategy for cobalt determination by ETAAS using polyurethane foam

Ion pairing based polyurethane foam sorbent packed column combined with inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry for sensitive determination and chemical speciation of bismuth(III & V) in water

“…Based on these results and the data reported earlier [30,31,39], a dual retention mode involving absorption related to solvent extraction or a ''weak-base anion ion exchange'' and an added component for ''surface adsorption'' is the most probable sorption mechanism for bismuth(III) retention. This mechanism can be expressed by the following equation:…”

“…The change in the environment around bismuth(III) ions may account for this trend. The binding sites available in the PUFs sorbent may also became more hydrophilic which further diminished the need for solvating water molecule and reduces bismuth(III) retention [27,29,39].…”

Fast, Selective Removal and Determination of Total Bismuth (III) and (V) in Water by Procaine Hydrochloride Immobilized Polyurethane Foam Packed Column Prior to Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry

“…The membrane like structures, the excellent hydrodynamic and aerodynamic properties of PUFs sorbent [42,43], kinetics, capacity and the sorption characteristics of bismuth (III) retention towards plasticized PQ + .Cl -PUFs sorbent [39] The proposed PUFs packed columns was also tested for collection and recovery of bismuth (V) species (< 5 μg L -1 ) from aqueous solutions after reduction to bismuth (ІІІ). A series of reducing agents e.g.…”

“…15) by percolating aqueous solution (2.0 L) containing bismuth (ІІІ) at 100 μgL -1 under the experimental conditions through PQ + .Cl -loaded PUFs column at 5 mL min -1 flow rate of. The critical and breakthrough capacities [42,45] …”

“…Based on these results, the values of Q and b and the data reported [42,43], a dual sorption sorption mechanism involving absorption related to "weak -base anion ion exchange" and an added component for "surface adsorption" is the most probable mechanism for the uptake of bismuth (ІІІ) by the used PUFs. This model can be expressed by the equation:…”