A Novel Reconfigurable Antenna With Separate Sensing Mechanism for Cr System

Abstract

Abstract-A novel hybrid antenna capable of both spectrum sensing and then accordingly reconfiguring its operating characteristics is proposed here. The proposed antenna is versatile in nature as it can reconfigure its resonant frequency, polarization state, bandwidth and radiation pattern. The physical structure of antenna is also versatile in nature as different printed parts are used several times in different operating modes using PIN diodes. The proposed versatile antenna senses spectrum over a wide frequency range from 3 GHz-12 GHz by using a separate UWB antenna. After sensing, the antenna can reconfigure its frequency in five different bands using three matching stubs. The proposed antenna can reconfigure its polarization state over two frequency bands by controlling the switchable slot. The antenna can also reconfigure its pattern by shorting the parasitic arc using PIN diodes. The prototype is fabricated, and the functioning is verified through measurement.

Two Port Integrated Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna

“…Integrated reconfigurable antenna which provides multiple selectable features meets the above said requirement. In [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], some design schemes are available in which two antennas are integrated on a solitary substrate to optimize the space utilization. In these reported schemes, small antennas are incorporated in huge sized UWB radiator either by reutilization of large printed area of UWB antenna as ground plane for the second antenna [4][5][6][7][8][9] or by placing the small sized antenna in electrically neutral area of UWB antenna [10][11][12][13].…”

“…All these designs are good and solve the problem of underutilization of large printed area of UWB antenna. However in all reported designs, the numbers of reconfigurable features are confined to either frequency reconfiguration or NB-WB reconfiguration [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, single reconfiguration feature is not sufficient for future communication devices.…”

An 8-Element Frequency-Agile Mimo Communication Antenna System for Cr Front-End Applications

“…Slot antennas are attractive candidates for frequency reconfigurable systems due to their low cost, low profile structure, fabrication simplicity and compatibility in integration with different reconfiguration mechanisms. Many frequency reconfigurable antennas with slots in their structures have appeared in literature [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Most of these designs used pin diode for frequency reconfiguration and had distinct operating frequency band.…”

A versatile reconfigurable antenna with integrated sensing mechanism

“…Further to decrease the system size, these two antennas must be optimally integrated on a single substrate. A lot of antenna designs have been already reported in the literatures which are compatible with CR [4][5][6][7][8], but only a handful of techniques based on integration concept of these antennas are reported in literature [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In all the reported designs, the numbers of reconfiguration features are limited and further upgradation of these antennas to increase the reconfiguration states are quite challenging because of limited space constraints on board.…”