A Novel Random Access Algorithm for Very High Frequency Data Exchange (VDE)

Jiang, Yi; Zheng, Yang; Wang, Junsen

doi:10.3390/jmse8020083

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…One of the systems that can serve to modernize GMDSS, if included in its infrastructure, is the VHF Data Exchange System (VDES), which was developed as a direct response to congestion of Automatic Identification System (AIS) [19][20][21][22]. Namely, a study conducted in 2013 by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has proved that in some parts of the world with dense maritime traffic, a limit of 50% of the data link capacity, which represents the critical level of the ship's AIS station, has been reached [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GMDSS Equipment Usage: Seafarers’ Experience

Valčić

Škrobonja

Maglić

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Maritime non-commercial communications are performed using the equipment of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). This equipment includes numerous devices of different technologies, features and user interfaces, which every officer of the watch (OOW) must know how to use. Besides, the equipment, i.e., its technology has not changed significantly in the last 30 years. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to collect and analyze information on how often GMDSS devices are used and whether any modernization is needed. The main research method was a questionnaire survey intended for experienced officers. Each question, as well as the answers of the respondents, were analyzed in detail and presented graphically. The results of the survey analysis indicate that the VHF (Very High Frequency) radiotelephone, Navigational Telex (NAVTEX) receiver, and Enhanced Group Call (EGC) receiver are still very used, while Digital Selective Calling (DSC) devices and MF/HF (Medium Frequency/High Frequency) radios (telephone and telex) are almost unused onboard. Additionally, more than 80% of respondents believe that GMDSS needs modernization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GMDSS Equipment Usage: Seafarers’ Experience

Valčić

Škrobonja

Maglić

et al. 2021

JMSE

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“…It can be observed that a competitive Random-Access Channel (RACH) procedure employed by the system leads to a significant efficiency loss and an aggregated throughput degradation in the case of a high number of VDES terminals attempting to transmit data. A study of the effect is presented in [83], where authors analyze the RACH algorithm efficiency in detail.…”

Section: A Scalability Of Local Area Maritime Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Satellite Broadband Maritime Communications for e-Navigation Services

et al. 2021

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The development of broadband network access technologies available to users on land has triggered a rapid expansion of a diverse range of services provided by terrestrial networks. However, due to limitations of digital communication technologies in the off-shore area, the maritime ICT systems evolution so far has not followed that trend. Despite the e-navigation initiative defining the set of Maritime Services, the progress in the maritime ICT systems evolution has been slow. Only a few systems, including the VHF Data Exchange System (VDES), or the TRI-Media Telematic Oceanographic Network (TRITON) have been proposed to extend the basic set of services offered by classical radio-communication solutions. However, all those systems have significant limitations. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the netBaltic system designed as a fully heterogeneous system for modern maritime communications. Its unique feature is the capability to transparently use different communication technologies to efficiently support maritime ICT services, as well as openness for the incorporation of future communication technologies. The paper presents an overview of VDES, TRITON and netBaltic systems and analysis showing their expected strengths and weaknesses. The systems are then compared in simulated environments, illustrating real-world usage scenarios based on real maritime traffic information and performance measurements obtained during off-shore measurement campaigns. Results indicate that netBaltic seems to be the most versatile one and is capable of offering access to all services defined by International Maritime Organization, due to its ability to use different communication technologies simultaneously and functionality offered by its Delay Tolerant Networking component.

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“…It achieves maximum throughput up to 10 times higher than that of the traditional asynchronous pure Aloha (PA) protocol in a single channel. In addition, a novel random access algorithm called adaptive traffic load contention resolution diversity slotted ALOHA (ATL-CRDSA) was proposed in Jiang's study (Jiang et al., 2020). Unlike the VDE slot map and continuous slot map given by ITU, ATL-CRDSA combines the load control strategy with contention resolution to overcome the challenges in the random access channel of VDE.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A collision feedback based multiple access control protocol for very high frequency data exchange system in E-navigation

Lin

Wang

et al. 2021

J. Navigation

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The very high frequency data exchange system (VDES) is promising in promoting electronic navigation (E-navigation) and improving navigation safety. The multiple access control (MAC) protocol is crucial to the transmission performance of VDES. The self-organising time division multiple access (SOTDMA) protocol, as the only access mode given by current recommendations, leads to a high rate of transmission collisions in the traditional automatic identification system (AIS), especially with heavy traffic loads. This paper proposes a novel feedback based time division multiple access (FBTDMA) protocol to address the problems caused by SOTDMA, such that collision of transmissions can be avoided in information transmission among vessels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FBTDMA outperforms the traditional SOTDMA in terms of channel utilisation and throughput, and significantly reduces the transmission collision rate. The study is expected to provide insights into VDES standardisation and E-navigation modernisation.

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A Novel Random Access Algorithm for Very High Frequency Data Exchange (VDE)

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

GMDSS Equipment Usage: Seafarers’ Experience

GMDSS Equipment Usage: Seafarers’ Experience

Non-Satellite Broadband Maritime Communications for e-Navigation Services

A collision feedback based multiple access control protocol for very high frequency data exchange system in E-navigation

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