A Novel Preparation Method for Organogels: High-Speed Homogenization and Micro-irradiation

Gökçe, Evren; Yurdasiper, Aysu; Korkmaz, Emrah; Özer, Özgen

doi:10.1208/s12249-013-9922-8

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It has reported to establish the gel structure, the storage modulus (G’) must dominate loss modulus (G’’) both contributions independent of frequency [ 70 ]. For this reason, G’ and G’’ for the gel were determined as a function of frequency ( Figure 5 ) from 0.1 to 100 rad/s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Carbamates and Ureas: Comparative Ability to Gel Organic Solvents

Martínez‐Mejía

Bermeo-Solórzano

González

et al. 2022

Gels

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Two series of novel amphiphilic compounds were synthesized based on carbamates and ureas structures, using a modification of the synthesis methods reported by bibliography. The compounds were tested for organic solvent removal in a model wastewater. The lipophilic group of all compounds was a hexadecyl chain, while the hydrophilic substituent was changed with the same modifications in both series. The structures were confirmed by FT-IR, NMR, molecular dynamic simulation and HR-MS and their ability to gel organic solvents were compared. The SEM images showed the ureas had a greater ability to gel organic solvents than the carbamates and formed robust supramolecular networks, with surfaces of highly interwoven fibrillar spheres. The carbamates produced corrugated and smooth surfaces. The determination of the minimum gelation concentration demonstrated that a smaller quantity of the ureas (compared to the carbamates, measured as the weight percentage) was required to gel each solvent. This advantage of the ureas was attributed to their additional N-H bond, which is the only structural difference between the two types of compounds, and their structures were corroborated by molecular dynamic simulation. The formation of weak gels was demonstrated by rheological characterization, and they demonstrated to be good candidates for the removal organic solvents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Carbamates and Ureas: Comparative Ability to Gel Organic Solvents

Martínez‐Mejía

Bermeo-Solórzano

González

et al. 2022

Gels

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“…After 10 min of stirring, it will form a uniform translucent gel system. The second method is microirradiation. The homogenized solution was put in a Petri plate and microirradiated for 2 min, yielding a transparent gel structure . Resveratrol organogels containing Carbopol 940 in various kinds of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared using high-speed homogenization.…”

Section: Methods Of Formation Of Losmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The homogenized solution was put in a Petri plate and microirradiated for 2 min, yielding a transparent gel structure. 148 Resveratrol organogels containing Carbopol 940 in various kinds of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared using high-speed homogenization. Subsequently, the samples were subjected to microirradiation.…”

Section: Methods Of Formation Of Losmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lecithin Organogel: A Promising Carrier for the Treatment of Skin Diseases

Raut,

Azheruddin,

Kumar

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Skin is the largest organ of the human body, as it protects the body from the external environment. Nowadays, skin diseases and skin problems are more common, and millions of people are affected daily. Skin diseases are due to numerous infectious pathogens or inflammatory conditions. The increasing demand for theoretical research and practical applications has led to the rising prominence of gel as a semisolid material. To this end, organogels has been widely explored due to their unique composition, which includes organic solvents and mineral or vegetable oils, among others. Organogels can be described as semisolid systems wherein an organic liquid phase is confined within a three-dimensional framework consisting of self-assembled, cross-linked, or entangled gelator fibers. These gels have the ability to undergo significant expansion and retain substantial amounts of the liquid phase, reaching up to 99% swelling capacity. Furthermore, they respond to a range of physical and chemical stimuli, including temperature, light, pH, and mechanical deformation. Notably, due to their distinctive properties, they have aroused significant interest in a variety of practical applications. Organogels favor the significant encapsulation and enhanced permeation of hydrophobic molecules when compared with hydrogels. Accordingly, organogels are characterized into lecithin organogels, pluronic lecithin organogels, sorbitan monostearate-based organogels, and eudragit organogels, among others, based on the nature of their network and the solvent system. Lecithin organogels contain lecithin (natural and safe as a living cell component) as an organogelator. It acts as a good penetration enhancer. In this review, first we have summarized the fundamental concepts related to the elemental structure of organogels, including their various forms, distinctive features, methods of manufacture, and diverse applications. Nonetheless, this review also sheds light on the delivery of therapeutic molecules entrapped in the lecithin organogel system into deep tissue for the management of skin diseases and provides a synopsis of their clinical applications.

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“…The results demonstrated that microwave heating was suitable for preparing carbopol organogels. Owing to significant reduction in time and energy, the method holds good promise for industrial applicability [54] (Table 1).…”

Section: Novel Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organogel: A Propitious Carman in Drug Delivery System

Bedse¹,

Singh²,

Raut³

et al. 2023

Advanced Drug Delivery Systems

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A gel is a semi-solid formulation having an external solvent phase that is either apolar (organogels) or polar (hydrogels) that is immobilized inside the voids contained in a three-dimensional networked structure. Organogels are bi-continuous systems composed of apolar solvents and gelators. When used at a concentration of around 15%, the gelators form self-assembled fibrous structures that become entangled with one another, resulting in the formation of a three-dimensional networked structure. The resulting three-dimensional networked structure blocks the flow of the external apolar phase. Sterol, sorbitan monostearate, lecithin, and cholesteryl anthraquinone derivatives are examples of gelators. The unique characteristics such as thermo-reversibility, viscoelasticity, and versatility impart a longer shelf-life, prolonged drug release, and patient compliance. These characteristics can easily be adjusted by simple formulation modifications, resulting in highly-structured architectures. Organogels are more likely to be used in various types of delivery systems because of their ability to entrap both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules inside their structure. Their combination with other materials allows for tailoring their potential as dosage forms. Organogels have potential applicability in numerous ways; hence this article discusses the various aspects of it.

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A Novel Preparation Method for Organogels: High-Speed Homogenization and Micro-irradiation

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

New Carbamates and Ureas: Comparative Ability to Gel Organic Solvents

New Carbamates and Ureas: Comparative Ability to Gel Organic Solvents

Lecithin Organogel: A Promising Carrier for the Treatment of Skin Diseases

Organogel: A Propitious Carman in Drug Delivery System

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