A novel population of neuronal cells expressing the olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the anterior/dorsal region of the nasal cavity

Fleischer, Joerg; Hass, Nicole; Schwarzenbacher, Karin; Besser, Stefanie; Breer, Heinz

doi:10.1007/s00418-005-0077-x

Cited by 48 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Axonal projection maps in the olfactory bulb are characteristic of each type of olfactory sensory neuron. The axonal projections of the Grueneberg ganglion have only recently been associated with the olfactory system (Fleischer et al, 2006a;Fuss et al, 2005;Koos and Fraser, 2005;Roppolo et al, 2006;Storan and Key, 2006). They converge in the olfactory bulb and are part of a group of glomeruli called the necklace glomeruli (Shinoda et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wiring of Grueneberg ganglion axons is dependent on neuropilin 1

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYThe Grueneberg ganglion is a specialized olfactory sensor. In mice, its activation induces freezing behavior. The topographical map corresponding to the central projections of its sensory axons is poorly defined, as well as the guidance molecules involved in its establishment. We took a transgenic approach to label exclusively Grueneberg sensory neurons and their axonal projections. We observed that a stereotyped convergence map in a series of coalescent neuropil-rich structures is already present at birth. These structures are part of a peculiar and complex neuronal circuit, composed of a chain of glomeruli organized in a necklace pattern that entirely surrounds the trunk of the olfactory bulb. We found that the necklace chain is composed of two different sets of glomeruli: one exclusively innervated by Grueneberg ganglion neurons, the other by axonal inputs from the main olfactory neuroepithelium. Combining the transgenic Grueneberg reporter mouse with a conditional null genetic approach, we then show that the axonal wiring of Grueneberg neurons is dependent on neuropilin 1 expression. Neuropilin 1-deficient Grueneberg axonal projections lose their strict and characteristic avoidance of vomeronasal glomeruli, glomeruli that are innervated by secondary neurons expressing the repulsive guidance cue and main neuropilin 1 ligand Sema3a. Taken together, our observations represent a first step in the understanding of the circuitry and the coding strategy used by the Grueneberg system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wiring of Grueneberg ganglion axons is dependent on neuropilin 1

et al. 2012

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“…It consists of a cluster of neurons-henceforward referred to as Grueneberg ganglion neurons (GGNs)-that express olfactory marker protein (OMP) and project their axons to a small number of glomeruli in the caudal main olfactory bulb (Fuss et al, 2005;Koos and Fraser, 2005;Fleischer et al, 2006;Roppolo et al, 2006;Storan and Key, 2006). Interestingly, these glomeruli are near the necklace glomeruli innervated by olfactory sensory neurons expressing the receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-D (Fülle et al, 1995;Juilfs et al, 1997;Leinders-Zufall et al, 2007;Walz et al, 2007; for review, see Munger et al, 2009), and both GC-D-expressing neurons and GGNs express elements of a cGMP second messenger pathway, including the cGMP-specific cyclic nucleotide-gated channel CNGA3 and the cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase PDE2 (Juilfs et al, 1997;Meyer et al, 2000;Leinders-Zufall et al, 2007;Fleischer et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grueneberg Ganglion Neurons Are Finely Tuned Cold Sensors

Schmid¹,

Pyrski²,

Biel³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

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The Grueneberg ganglion is a newly appreciated nasal subsystem with neural connections to the olfactory forebrain, but its functional role has not been well defined. Here, we assess whether Grueneberg ganglion neurons (GGNs) function as thermosensors. By investigating the effect of acute temperature changes on the cytosolic Ca 2ϩ concentration of genetically labeled mouse GGNs (either gender), we demonstrate that GGNs are thermosensory neurons specialized to detect a temperature decline within a given temperature window. Furthermore, GGNs comprise a relatively homogeneous cell population with respect to temperature sensitivity. GGNs do not respond to ligands of the temperature-sensitive TRP channels TRPM8 and TRPA1, suggesting a novel mechanism for temperature sensing. One possibility is a cGMP-mediated mechanism, as GGNs express the receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-G, the cGMP-sensitive phosphodiesterase PDE2 and the cGMP-sensitive channel CNGA3. Surprisingly, Cnga3-null mice show normal cooling-induced Ca 2ϩ responses although cGMP-dependent Ca 2ϩ increases are absent in these mice. Rather, the cooling-induced Ca 2ϩ response of GGNs depends critically on the activity of a tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channel whereas the cGMP-dependent Ca 2ϩ signal does not. These findings establish the Grueneberg ganglion as a sensory organ mediating cold-evoked neural responses, possibly in conjunction with the sensing of other stress-or fear-related chemical social cues.

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“…We showed that the blend of mouse APs induces calcium transients specifically in the neurons of the Grueneberg ganglion (GG), an olfactory subsystem present at the tip of the nose, close to the opening of the naris (21,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). The mouse GG is an arrowshaped neuronal structure 750-1,000 μm in length.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The GG displays multimodal properties (21,(30)(31)(32)(33) and starts developing around embryonic day 16. Contrary to the other olfactory subsystems, the GG appears to be complete and functional at birth (24)(25)(26)(27)(28), ensuring immediate AP sensing and increasing chances of survival in the wild. An intact GG is necessary to observe the fearful behavior of the recipient animals in the presence of APs (21).…”

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Mouse alarm pheromone shares structural similarity with predator scents

Brechbühl

Moine

Klaey

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

157

234

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Sensing the chemical warnings present in the environment is essential for species survival. In mammals, this form of danger communication occurs via the release of natural predator scents that can involuntarily warn the prey or by the production of alarm pheromones by the stressed prey alerting its conspecifics. Although we previously identified the olfactory Grueneberg ganglion as the sensory organ through which mammalian alarm pheromones signal a threatening situation, the chemical nature of these cues remains elusive. We here identify, through chemical analysis in combination with a series of physiological and behavioral tests, the chemical structure of a mouse alarm pheromone. To successfully recognize the volatile cues that signal danger, we based our selection on their activation of the mouse olfactory Grueneberg ganglion and the concomitant display of innate fear reactions. Interestingly, we found that the chemical structure of the identified mouse alarm pheromone has similar features as the sulfur-containing volatiles that are released by predating carnivores. Our findings thus not only reveal a chemical Leitmotiv that underlies signaling of fear, but also point to a double role for the olfactory Grueneberg ganglion in intraspecies as well as interspecies communication of danger.olfaction | animal communication | behavior | calcium imaging

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A novel population of neuronal cells expressing the olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the anterior/dorsal region of the nasal cavity

Cited by 48 publications

References 33 publications

The wiring of Grueneberg ganglion axons is dependent on neuropilin 1

The wiring of Grueneberg ganglion axons is dependent on neuropilin 1

Grueneberg Ganglion Neurons Are Finely Tuned Cold Sensors

Mouse alarm pheromone shares structural similarity with predator scents

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